骨科住院患者医院感染分析和预防.docVIP

骨科住院患者医院感染分析和预防 　　[摘要] 目的 探讨骨科住院患者医院感染的特点及预防措施。 方法 查阅2011年6月～2013年12月本院骨科收治的789例住院患者的病历资料，对医院感染相关情况进行回顾性分析。 结果 789例患者中，发生院内感染50例，感染率为6.34%，以革兰氏阴性菌感染为主，其中，男35例，占男性病例的7.85%，女15例，占女性病例的4.37%；年龄50岁者43例，15 d者40例；开放性外伤46例，闭合性外伤4例。 结论 医院应实施针对性措施以减少或避免骨科医院感染的发生，从手术前准备到手术后处理都要严格遵守无菌操作制度，重视每一个细节和步骤，加强环节管理。 　　[关键词] 骨科；医院感染；住院患者；预防 　　[中图分类号] R195.1 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2014）04（a）-0169-03 　　[Abstract] Objective To investigate the characteristics and preventive measures of hospital infection for orthopedic inpatients. Methods The medical records of 789 inpatients treated in department of orthopedics in our hospital from June 2011 to December 2013 were looked up，the related to hospital infection cases were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among the 789 cases of patients，50 cases occured nosocomial infection，and the infection rate was 6.34%，the most of nosocomial infection were Gram-negative bacteria（G-） infection.Among the infected patients，35 cases were males，accounted for 7.85% of the male patients；15 cases were female，accounted for 4.37% of the female cases.Age50 years in 43 cases，50 years in 7 cases；there were 45 cases in invasive procedures，non-invasive procedure in 5 cases；44 cases had underlying diseases，6 cases without underlying disease；the length of stay less than 15 days in 10 cases，more than 15 days in 40 cases；with open trauma in 46 cases，and with closed trauma in 4 cases. Conclusion It should implement targeted measures to reduce or avoid orthopaedic hospital infection，from the surgery preparation to surgery treatment，aseptic technique must be strictly complied with the system，and pay attention to every detail and steps to strengthen aspects of management. 　　[Key words] Orthopaedics；Nosocomial infection；Prevention 　　骨科住院患者多为需要手术或手术后患者，且一般病情比较严重，由于手术的影响，极易引起感染。随着我国医疗事业的持续发展，骨科手术的技术含量也在增加，但植入体的种类增多，加之骨科患者因为失血、住院时间长、病原微生物等容易在骨髓腔和骨松质中停留以及生长与繁殖等因素导致骨科患者术后极易发生感染并发症，一旦发生感染，多数患者的病情都会恶化或感染不易被控制，甚至危及生命，临床治疗难度较大，给患者及家属带来较大的经济负担[1-4]。为有效预防、控制医院感染，本研究回顾性分析2011年6月～20