二代轮毂轴承振动加速度自动检测技术研究-机械工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 轮毂轴承单元是汽车传动系统上的重要零部件。汽车工业目前广泛使用的是二代 和三代轮毂轴承单元。轴承振动值是轴承一个重要的性能指标，它直接反映了该轴承 产品的品质是否合格与性能的优劣。本文在相关项目的需求下，结合国内外的相关技 术，研究轴承振动测量方法并研制了二代轮毂轴承单元的振动在线检测系统。 本文所完成的主要工作包括： 介绍了一般滚动轴承振动检测的国家标准。结合标准和其他相关技术制定了二代 轮毂轴承单元振动检测系统的方案。 设计了该振动检测系统的机械结构。机械系统基于气动技术实现。本文结合轴承 振动检测的方案设计成分离工位，并对不同工位使用不同的机构，以配合二代轮毂轴 承单元特殊的外观。 设计了该振动检测系统的测控系统。完成了部分硬件的选型和测量软件的编制。 测控系统基于虚拟仪器实现，由工控机完成信号采集、数据处理和人机界面的显示， 由 PLC 负责控制机械运动的工序流程。 进行实验验证了检测系统的重复性。对现场采集的振动信号进行分析处理，并对 处理结果进行误差分析，验证系统重复性。 经过实验结果验证，本文系统精度达到了设计要求，但仍有可改进之处。如添加 更多振动信号分析的功能，使系统能够从轴承振动信号中获取更多信息；改良机械结 构，使工件传动更顺畅、轮毂轴承加载精度更高等等。这些可作为更加深入研究的课 题。 关键词：轮毂轴承单元 振动 虚拟仪器 PLC Abstract The hub bearing unit is an important part of the Automotive Transmission System. The second- generation and the third-generation hub bearing units are widely used in automotive industry currently. Bearing vibration is an important index, which directly reflects whether the quality of bearing is up to standard. In this thesis, the bearing vibration measurement was studied and the vibration detection system of the second generation hub bearing unit was developed for a project, relating technologies at home and abroad. The primary works in this thesis are presented as follows: The national detecting standard for the general rolling bearing was introduced and the detection system project of the second generation hub bearing unit was designed according to the standard and relevant technologies. The physical construction of the vibration detection system was designed, which was realized base on pneumatics. The test scheme was designed as separation stations in this thesis and the different mechanisms were used for the different stations to match the special appearance of the second generation hub bearing unit. The monitoring system for the vibration testing system was designed. The selection of hardware parts and the designing of the measuring soft were also finished in this thesis. The monitoring system worked based on the virtual instruments which gathered signals, processed data