初中图形的相似样例分析-教育学专业论文.docxVIP

初中图形的相似样例研究 中文摘要 中文摘要 本文从分析初中生学习几何的现状着手，以“图形的相似”为对象，研究样 例学习在促进学生几何学习中的作用，提出样例学习是提高学生学习几何知识的 有效学习手段之一． 本研究以认知负荷理论为基础，提出有效的数学样例需要将多种要素整合， 包括文本信息与图示信息的整合，视觉信息和听觉信息的整合以及样例的子目标 编码．根据样例学习的机制——学生对样例的自我解释，提出在样例设计中要促 进学生自我解释及其相应的措施．论文从两个维度设计和编写“图形的相似”样 例，一个维度是从几何内容的构成形态，包括几何的概念和性质、几何推理及几 何应用；第二个维度是呈现形式，包括样例-问题对、不完整样例和渐减提示法样 例，设计各个层次、各个类型的样例．将部分样例运用于学生的学习中，指导学 生有效运用样例的方法，从而促进学生对“图形的相似”知识的学习． 针对“图形的相似”建立的样例编写框架具有一定的理论意义，有助于同行 以此展开深入的研究或进行比较研究．而根据样例编写框架编写的各层次各类型 的样例对“图形的相似”的教与学包括教科书例题的编写与设计都有指导、参考 和借鉴作用． 关键词：初中数学，样例学习，图形的相似 作 者：濮 维 指导老师：徐稼红 英文摘要 初中图形的相似样例研究 The Study of Worked Examples for “Similarity of Geometry Figures” in Junior High School Abstract This paper starts with the actual state of the junior high school students learning geometry, focuses on “similarity of geometric figures” to study the effect of worked example learning in geometry teaching and sets forth the idea that worked example learning is an effective way to improve the students’ learning in geometry. This research is based on the cognitive load theory and brought out the idea that effective mathematical worked examples need to integrate different elements including the conformity of text information and the figure information; visual information and the auditory information, also the coding process of the sub-objective. According to practical way of worked example learning --- the students’ self-explanation of the examples, this paper puts forward the proper measures to improve the ability of the students to understand graphic by themselves. This paper tries to design and compile worked examples of “similarity of figures” in two aspects, one is about the structure of the geometry including the concept and character of geometry, deduction and application of geometry; the other is the form of presentation, such as the ‘one-figure-one question’ mode, incomplete examples and faded worked examples, trying to design all levels and kinds of geometry worked examples and helping the students to use them to learn “