狂犬病患者临床护理的模式及医院感染管理的探讨.docVIP

狂犬病患者临床护理的模式及医院感染管理的探讨 　　【摘要】目的 总结狂犬病患者的临床护理要点，探讨狂犬病医院感染的管理措施。方法 对住院的狂犬病患者进行单人隔离，专人护理；对犬病患者的家属进行狂犬病疾病知识宣教及消毒隔离防护技能指导，允许和鼓励患者家属参与陪护。结果 狂犬病患者得到了医务人员的优质护理和家属的良好照顾，安宁地度过生命的最后阶段。医务人员和患者家属得到了有效的防护,没有医务人员或患者家属受到伤害或感染。结论 对狂犬病患者实施人性化护理，允许、鼓励患者家属参与陪护，可稳定患者情绪，从而安宁地度过生命的最后阶段。做好消毒隔离和免疫防护，可预防医务人员或患者家属受到伤害和感染。 　　【关键词】狂犬病 护理 医院感染 管理 　　中图分类号：R48 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1005-0515（2011）5-010-03 　　A study on the clinical care for patients with rabies and 　　 hospital infection management 　　Cai Shufen, Peng Dongjuan, Chen Fuqiao 　　（Infection Department of Maoming People’s Hospital, Maoming, Guangdong, 525000） 　　【Abstract】Objective Have a summary of clinical nursing experiences of patients with rabies and probe into hospital infection management measures. Method Patients with rabies should be given a single isolation and designated nursing; The family members of patients with rabies have been given an instruction of knowledge about rabies and disinfection and isolation protection skill guidance, and allows and encourages families of patients to accompany with them. Result Rabies patients are given good nursing and taken good care of by medical staff and they peacefully lived through the final stage of their lives. Medical staff and patient families are given effective protection, and none of them have been injured and infected. Conclusion Humanistic nursing given to rabies patients and allowing and encouraging families of patients to accompany with them can help to stabilize the mood of patients so as to live a peaceful life in their final stage. Disinfection, isolation and immune protection can prevent medical staff and patients families from being injured and infected. 　　【Key words】rabiesnursing hospital infection management 　　 　　狂犬病又称恐水症，是由狂犬病毒引起的一种累及中枢神经系统的人畜共患的急性传染病。人类主要通过被犬、猫等病兽咬伤而感染发病。临床表现为特有的高度兴奋、恐水、怕风、恐惧不安、流涎、咽肌痉挛、进行性瘫痪等，部分患者可出现精神失常、谵妄、幻听、幻视、暴力行为。狂犬病是迄今为止最为凶险的传染病，一旦发病,其预后极差,病死率达几乎达100％[1，2]。2006年01月至20010年05月我院收治狂犬病患者51例，现对狂犬病患者临床护理模式及医院感染管理的措施报道如下: 　　1 临床资料与方法 　　1.1 临床资料 　　5