费晓方《细胞生物学》07chapter5ii energy generation in mitochondria and chloroplasts知识课件.pptVIP

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费晓方《细胞生物学》07chapter5ii energy generation in mitochondria and chloroplasts知识课件.ppt

费晓方《细胞生物学》07chapter5ii energy generation in mitochondria and chloroplasts知识课件.ppt

Chloroplast and photosynthesis;2、Stroma;3、Thylakoid;;The thylakoid membrane contain all the light-capturing systems, the electron-transport chain, and ATP synthase.;The main function of chloroplast;Pigment;约300个叶绿素分子和一些肽链构成。 全部叶绿素b和大部分叶绿素a都是天线色素。;;; The antenna complex and photochemical reaction center in a photosystem;;;Photosynthetic electron transfer chain;Photosystem II P680; 吸收高峰为波长680nm处,又称P680 。至少包括12条多肽链。位于EFs, EFu上,基粒与基质非接触区域的类囊体膜上。包括一个集光复合体(light-hawesting comnplex Ⅱ,LHC Ⅱ)、一个反应中心和一个含锰原子的放氧复合体(oxygen evolving complex)。 ;D1多肽链上的酪氨酸残基;cytochrome b6/f complex;(PSI) P700;能被波长700nm的光激发,又称P700 。包含多条肽链,位于基粒与基质接触区和基质类囊体膜中。由集光复合体Ⅰ和作用中心构成。结合100个左右叶绿素分子、除了几个特殊的叶绿素为中心色素外,其它叶绿素都是天线色素。三种电子载体分别为A0(一个chla分子)、A1(为维生素K1)及3个不同的4Fe-4S。 ;;;;;Light-dependent reaction: Electron transport in the thylakoid membrane and noncyclic photophosphorylation: ;Noncyclic photophosphorylation;;Cyclic photophosphorylation;PSI and PSII; ;Changes in redox potential during photosynthesis.;光合过程中氧化还原电势的变化;Photosynthesis;;? resemblance ? difference;叶绿体功能示意图;;叶绿体的ATP合成酶结构示意图;叶绿体类囊体膜中进行光合磷酸化的图解;叶绿体类囊体膜上进行光合磷酸化;(三)暗反应 C3途径(C3 pathway):亦称卡尔文 (Calvin)循环。CO2受体为RuBP,最初产物为3-磷酸甘油酸(PGA)。 C4途径(C4 pathway) :亦称哈奇-斯莱克(Hatch-Slack)途径,CO2受体为PEP,最初产物为草酰乙酸(OAA)。 景天科酸代谢途径(Crassulacean acid metabolism pathway,CAM途径):夜间固定CO2产生有机酸,白天有机酸脱羧释放CO2,进行CO2固定。;碳固定的循环;类囊体膜上光合过程中的电子流动;Carbon dioxide fixation and the synthesis of carbohydrate in C3 plants (Calvin cycle);Figure?14-43?The initial reaction in carbon fixation.????This reaction, in which carbon dioxide is converted into organic carbon, is catalyzed in the chloroplast stroma by the abundant enzyme ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase. The product, 3-phosphoglycerate, is also an important intermediate in glycolysis: the two carbon atoms shaded in blue are used to produce phosphoglycolate when the enzyme adds oxygen instead of CO2。 ;The structure and function in C4 plants;4. Organelle DNA and protein importing;Genes in mtDNA encode rRNAs, tRNAs, and some

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