贵州初次收入分配格局问题的研究.docVIP

贵州初次收入分配格局问题的研究 　　摘 要：1978―2007年的有关数据表明：贵州初次分配中劳动报酬占GDP比重从1998年开始明显趋于下降，且比西南邻省下降幅度大、速度快。这既与英美等国劳动报酬比重相对稳定的“卡尔多”特征事实不一致，也与日韩工业化过程中劳动报酬比重趋于上升相悖。贵州初次收入分配格局扭曲，已成为贵州加速工业化和城镇化的关键瓶颈。贵州经济发展的阶段性特征是导致劳动报酬比重下降的重要原因，而根本原因则是收入分配制度不合理与粗放型经济的增长方式。只有加快转变经济发展方式、构建公平的劳动力市场制度等深层次调整和改革，才能最终改变这种不利于劳动者的初次收入分配格局。 　　关键词：初次收入分配格局；劳动报酬占GDP比重；贵州 　　 　　Study on First Income Distribution Pattern in Guizhou 　　- Based on the Proportion of Labor Reward in GDP 　　ZHANG Shi??bin1, GUO Xiao??feng2 　　(School of Business Administration, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China; 　　Institute of Population and Labor Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, 100732, China) 　　Abstract：The 1978―2007 data show that there is an obvious decline of the proportion of labor reward in GDP, in Guizhou first income distribution, moreover, the decline is bigger and quicker compared with other southwestern provinces. This phenomenon, inconsistent with the “Kaldor” fact that the proportion is relatively stable in Britain and America, and the upward trend of the proportion in Japanese and Korean industrialization, indicates that the first income pattern in Guizhou is distorted which has become a key bottleneck for its speedy industrialization and urbanization. An important factor contributing the declining proportion is the feature that economic development in Guizhou appears in phases, while the fundamental reasons are unreasonable income distribution system and extensive pattern of economic growth. Only by fast transforming economic development, building fair labor market system, can the first income distribution pattern which is not beneficial to laborers, be eventually changed. 　　Key words：first income distribution pattern, the proportion of labor reward in GDP, Guizhou 　　贵州城乡居民人均可支配（纯）收入的比例从1978年的2.29∶1提高到1995年的3.62∶1，2008年又进一步扩大到4.20∶1，说明贵州收入不平等程度明显上升，收入分配制度改革已经迫在眉睫。居民收入分配是多次分配制度协同作用的结果，但由于二次和三次分配的主要功能是弥合居民收入差距，因而收入差距扩大的根源在于初次收入分配不合理，要透彻理解并根除收入差距扩大问题还要从初次收