调制型半导体激光器恒流驱动电路的设计.docVIP

调制型半导体激光器恒流驱动电路的设计 　　摘 要:半导体激光器驱动电流的微小变化将直接导致其输出光强的波动。为实现半导体激光器的稳定功率输出,基于电压负反馈原理设计了包含软启动和限流保护电路的恒流驱动电路;同时针对为消除背景光的影响而对光源进行调制的需要,设计了包括晶体振荡电路和分频电路的集成激光器调制电路。制作具体电路并完成了相关实验。实验结果表明该电路能够提供高稳定度的驱动电流,电流稳定度达0.05%;软启动和限流保护电路可保护半导体激光器并提高其抗冲击能力。调制电路产生半导体激光器调制所需的载波信号并直接完成输出光调制,通过开关可方便地实现从256 Hz~512 kHz范围内12种常用调制频率的选择。 　　关键词:半导体激光器; 驱动电路; 恒流; 调制 　　中图分类号:TN248.4 文献标识码:A 　　文章编号:1004-373X(2010)07-0092-03 　　 　　Design of Modulation Constant Current Driving Circuit for Laser Diode 　　WANG Dong, Lü Yong 　　(School of Photoelectronic Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192,China) 　　Abstract: Small change of driving current can directly affect the output light intensity of the laser diode. In order to obtain stable output, based on the voltage negative feedback principle, a constant current driving circuit is designed which also contains slow turn-on and current limit circuits. The modulation of the light source is needed to eliminate the influence of the background light, therefore an integral modulation circuit for laser diode is designed. The results prove that it can provide high stability driving current, the stability of current is up to 0.05%. Slow turn-on and current limit circuits can ensure laser diode operating safety. The integral modulation circuit produces carrier signal needed for laser diode modulation and directly modulates output optical intensity. Twelve kinds of commonly used modulation frequency can be easily selected by switches from 256 Hz to 512 kHz. 　　Key words: semiconductor laser; driving circuit; constant current; modulation 　　 　　0 引 言 　　 　　半导体激光器以其超小型、高效率、结构简单等优良特性被广泛应用于科研、国防、医疗、加工等领域,其相应的驱动技术也显得越来越重要[1]。半导体激光器是理想的电子-光子直接转换器件,有很高的量子效率,微小的电流变化都将导致其输出光强的很大变化,因此,半导体激光器的驱动电流要求非常高。半导体激光器的驱动技术通常采用恒流驱动方式,在此工作方式下,通过负反馈原理控制回路,直接提供驱动电流的有效控制[2]。此外,瞬态的电流或电压尖峰脉冲,以及过流、过压都会损坏半导体激光器,因此驱动电路中还应考虑特殊的抗电冲击措施和保护电路[3]。 　　在一些测量应用中,直流驱动的半导体激光器产生的直流光在测量过程中容易受到缓慢变化的环境光的干扰,导致无法从环境光中分离出所需直流光信号,本文系统信噪比过