阅读表达类习题的技巧点拨.docVIP

阅读表达类习题的技巧点拨 　　有些地区高考中的阅读表达题是一个与传统阅读理解题（选择题）不同的主观性题目。对学生的阅读要求较高，同时还是一项综合能力考查题，要求学生有较好的书面表达能力。 　　【解题思路】 　　1. 首先要培养良好的阅读习惯，掌握一定的阅读技巧。这些技巧包括概括文章或段落的主旨大意、作者的写作目的；分析和把握篇章的结构，推测作者的语气、态度和观点；捕捉文章的具体信息，理解特定环境中语言的意义等。 　　2. 有些题目不仅需要学生有较好的阅读理解能力，同时还要求学生具备良好的运用语言基础知识的能力。不同性质的题目需要采用不同的解题方法。 例如，翻译类问题往往涉及的是结构较为复杂或者包括一些特定习语的句子。因此在翻译之前一定要分析句子的结构，并通过句子所在的情景弄清楚句子的意思，然后用通顺的汉语进行表达；英文释义类问题则要求学生平时就要多注意英语语言的转换理解，即通过不同的语言形式表达同一意义。解题时，首先要理解替换句子的意思，然后再到文章中去寻找意思接近的句子。平时在学习单词时也要多注意英文释义，以此提高自己用英语进行表达的能力。 　　3. 在回答问题之前要认真审题，判断问题的类型，弄清楚题目的要求；回答要有针对性，避免答非所问；同时还要注意问题后的词数要求，回答要简洁，语言要准确、达意，书写要工整，卷面要整洁。 　　【实战演练】 　　【1】Many of us enjoy the companionship of pets. In fact， according to a 2002 survey by the American Pet Products Manufacturers Association， 62 percent of American households include pets. These animals don’t ask for much―just a short list of basics such as food， shelter， veterinary care， and， of course， our companionship. Pets offer far more in return， teaching us about love， improving our emotional and physical health， and providing us with unconditional affection and friendship. 　　【2】Companion animals are natural teachers. They help people of all ages learn about responsibility， loyalty， sharing and unconditional love?qualities particularly essential to a child’s healthy development. Through helping to care for a pet， children also learn to care for their fellow human beings. There is an established link between how people treat animals and how they treat each other. 　　【3】Specially trained assistance dogs provide people who have physical and mental disabilities with the profound（极大的） gift of independence. Assistance dogs are not classified as pets under the law， and they are allowed in public places where pets are prohibited. These dogs serve as the hands， ears， or eyes of their human partners and assist them by performing everyday tasks that would otherwise be difficult or impossible. Dogs may also notice changes in behavior， body language， or smell of their human partners， alerting