高校土木工程材料课程主题讨论式教学的方法的探讨.docVIP

高校土木工程材料课程主题讨论式教学的方法的探讨 　　摘 要 《土木工程材料》（或称《建筑材料》）课程是土建类各专业一门专业基础课，内容覆盖面广，各章节独立性强，涉及的材料品种繁多；数理推导少，应用性强，与实际工程有密切关系。传统的授课方式重理论、轻实践，学生难于在学习过程中和工程实际应用结合起来。本文基于多年教学实践和教学方法研究，阐述《土木工程材料》课程采用主题讨论式教学方法的可行性和适用性，并就怎样开展主题讨论式教学提出一系列建议。实践证明，该教学法极大提高学生自主学习的积极性和教学质量，达到培养学生具有材料的综合应用能力和初步解决工程实际问题的教学目标。 　　关键词 土木工程材料；教学方法；文献检索；课堂讨论中图分类号：G642 文献标识码：A 　　 　　AbstractAs a basic specialized course for civil engineering specialties, Civil Engineering Materials (or Building Materials) widely covered the common applied diversified building materials, each of which was independent on one another. There were a little mathematic or logic induction, but many application contents, which closely connected with the civil engineering practices. However, the traditional teaching mode laid much emphasis on theories and little on practices. So it was uneasy for the students to combine the learned in class with the practices. In this paper, based on many years of teaching and research, the feasibility and suitability of the teaching method of subject discuss in class for Civil Engineering Materials course in universities were analyzed by the author. Moreover, a series of suggestions about how to successfully carry out this teaching method were also given. It was manifested in teaching practice that this teaching method remarkably motivated the students’ interest, improved the teaching quality, as well as reached the aim of cultivating the students to apply the knowledge about building materials to preliminarily solve the actual problems in work. 　　Key wordscivil engineering materials；teaching method；literature search；class discuss 　　 　　一、《土木工程材料》课程简介与常用教学方法 　　 　　《土木工程材料》（或称《建筑材料》）课程是土建类各专业一门重要的专业基础课，其教学目的是使学生获得建筑材料的基础知识，掌握建筑材料的性能、应用及其试验检测技能，以便在今后实践工作中能正确、合理地使用建筑材料，并为学习后续专业课提供基础知识。该课程的特点是：（1）综合性差、系统性差，知识面广，涉及的材料品种繁多，每种材料又要讲述其组成、构造、性能、适用条件等等，概念非常多；（2）数理推导少、理论计算少，逻辑性差；（3）新材料、新品种发展较快，教学内容往往滞后于日新月异的材料发展现状。《土木工程材料》课程一般安排在大学二年级开设，学生已习惯于基础课中公式的变换、习题的演算，缺乏基本的感性认识和工程实践，对于常用建材的组成、结构、性能、使用等大量应用性内容一时难以适应，有一种抓不住