二氧化碳中高温热泵热水系统的实现方案及性能分析供热供燃气通风及空调工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘要随着热泵的普及，普通热泵在高温领域的应用逐渐显示出了不足，普通空 摘要 随着热泵的普及，普通热泵在高温领域的应用逐渐显示出了不足，普通空 气源热泵不适宜在高温范围内应用。C02作为一种天然工质目益受到研究者的青 睐，C02跨临界循环气冷器中大的温度滑移与水的温升过程相匹配，所以很适宜 用于制取高温热水。本文主要研究C02中高温热泵热水器的实现方案和性能分 析。 本文分析了C02中高温热泵热水系统的三种实现方案：C02单级压缩、C02 双级压缩以及C02．C3H8复叠式热泵热水系统。文中对这三种循环方式进行了理 论研究，分别建立了系统模型，模拟系统性能，考察了相关参数对系统性能的 影响，对排气压力、中闻压力以及蒸发冷凝器里高温级工质C02的蒸发压力进行 了优化，重点考察了系统产出高温热水时的性能，并对这三种系统进行了比较。 文中以能量平衡的方法建立Yc02热泵热水系统中气冷器的模型，采用EES软件 进行计算，对C02和水侧的传热和流动特性进行了数值分析。 研究表明，C02单级压缩热泵热水系统在大气温度低至．10℃时产出90℃ 的热水系统COP低于2，与锅炉相比没有节能的优势。而C02双级压缩以及 C02。C，H8复叠式热泵热水系统却可以解决这个问题，而且双级压缩较复叠式系 统的COP更高。本文通过理论研究以期为C02中高温热泵热水系统的应用与 完善提供参考依据。 关键词热泵，二氧化碳，高温热水，实现方案，性能分析 ABSTRACTHeat ABSTRACT Heat pump water heater is one promising application of transcritical C02 technology．The temperature glide at heat rej ection contributes to a very good temperature adaptation while heating water to high temperature，which inherits a large temperature glide．In this study,the performances potential of the high temperature C02 heat pump water heaters are investigated theoretically．The major accomplishments are summarized as follows． 1．Three transcritical C02 heat pump cycles including one-stage，two—stage and cascade systems have been developed，and the high temperature water heating performances of the three different cycles all have been investigated and compared 2。In the one—stage system，optimum gas cooler pressure was suggested and in the two—stage system，both optimum gas cooler pressure and inner-stage pressure have been suggested，while in the cascade system，gas cooler pressure and carbon dioxide’S evaporation pressure have also been optimized． 3．Heat exchanger model of gas cooler was developed．Fluid flow and heat transfer process in both refrigerant and air sides were analyzed．The influences of major parameters on gas cooler performance were analyzed and discussed combined with the optimal heat rejection pressure for the one—stage system． Through these comprehensive investigations of the C02 cycles，the theory for the optimization of gas c