现代日本雇佣制度异质性的根源---------社会文化理念与制度的异质性.pdf

[论文分类：制度经济学] 现代日本雇佣制度异质性的根源1 社会文化理念与制度的异质性 徐华，博士，中央财经大学经济学院， 通信地址:100081,北京中央财经大学经济学院 。 内容提要：为什么在同一的全球一体化市场经济环境中，不同社会文化背景下的制度 会显现出很大的异质性？本文通过对现代对日本劳动雇佣制度异质性根源的探究，对上述 问题提供了一种解释。本文试图通过对日本雇佣关系由近代向现代演化过程中的几个关键 节点的阐释，说明现代日本雇佣制度异质性的根据，就是日本雇佣关系演化中所隐含的传 统雇佣理念。在说明了近代工业化初期，传统雇佣理念对企业劳动雇佣政策的影响之后， 本文着重阐释了在日本雇佣关系从传统向现代的过渡中，近代雇佣关系中呈现出的对传统 雇佣理念的“背离”现象。借助负互惠概念，本文揭示了这种“背离”现象的实质，就是 传统雇佣理念下的负互惠雇佣关系。并在此基础上，进一步说明了日本雇佣关系由近代的 负互惠关系向现代的正互惠关系转化的历史原因。这样，文化理念如何决定一个异质性的 制度演化的历史线索就得以被清理出来。 The origin of the isomorphism of Japanese modern employment rule cultural norm and institutional isomorphism Abstract: why do the institutions appear all kinds of isomorphism in different social and cultural conditions meanwhile they are under the same market environment? through researching for the origin of the isomorphism of Japanese currently employment rule, this paper gave a answer. By explaining some key problems of evolutionary process of Japanese employment relationship from moderd time to current time, the paper try to show that, it is deed the traditional employment norm implied in the evolutionary process of employment relationship which is the origin and reason of modern Japanese employment rule. After showed the definition of traditional norm to the choice of modern capitalists faced the problem of employment, the paper research the phenomenon of departing from the traditional norm. by introduced the conception of negative reciprocity, we can find the phenomenon of departing from traditional norm turn out to be negative reciprocity relationship under the traditional employment norm. then the paper show the transform of negative reciprocity relationship in modern to positive reciprocity relationship in currently time. So the logic line of how a cultural norm defined the evolution