冻融交替作用对表层黑土结构的影响.PDF

第13卷摇 第1期 中 国 水 土 保 持 科 学 Vol.13摇 No.1 摇 2015年2月 Science of Soil and Water Conservation Feb.2015 冻融交替作用对表层黑土结构的影响 刘绪军,景国臣,杨亚娟,王亚娟,任宪平 (黑龙江省水土保持科学研究所,150070,哈尔滨) 摘要:通过室内实验模拟冻融交替作用,研究冻融交替作用对表层黑土结构的影响。 结果表明:1)冻融作用使表 层黑土体积增大,导致表层黑土密度降低,土壤大团聚体破碎为小团聚体,团聚体的平均质量直径减小,团聚体稳 定性能降低;2)土壤含水率大小、冻融循环次数是土壤结构破坏程度的重要影响因素;3)冻融作用破坏了表层黑土 物理性状,降低了黑土黏聚力和抗冲能力,致黑土区春季产生严重的冻融侵蚀。 关键词:表层黑土;冻融作用;结构 中图分类号:S157郾1 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1672鄄3007(2015)01鄄0042鄄05 Effects of alternate freezing and thawing on the structure of black topsoil Liu Xujun,Jing Guochen,Yang Yajuan,Wang Yajuan,Ren Xianping (Heilongjiang Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,150070,Harbin,China) Abstract:A laboratory simulationof alternatefreezingandthawingwascarriedouttoinvestigateitseffect on the structure of black topsoil. The results showed that: 1) Freezing and thawing action increases topsoil volume and decreases its density,and as a result,the big soil aggregates were split into smaller ones andtheir averageweight,size and stability decreased;2)Structural deteriorationto soilwasmainly affected by soil moisture and times of freeze鄄thaw;3) Freezing and thawing action destroyed physical properties of the black topsoil and decreased cohesion and anti鄄scouribility of black soil,which is the major reason for seriousfreeze鄄thawing erosion in black soil region in spring time. Keywords:black topsoil;freezing and thawing action;structure 摇 摇 冻融作用是指气候的日、年和多年变化导致特 作用对土体会产生机械破坏,降低土壤团聚体稳定 [4] 定气候区域地球表层一定范围的土冻结和融化作 性,从而导致土壤侵蚀 。 用,使冻土层中的地下冰和地下水不断发生相变和 黑土区位于松嫩平原及其四周山前台地、低山