京汉铁路与河北沿线社会变迁研究(1880——1937)专门史专业论文.docxVIP

内蒙古科技大学包头师范学院硕士学位论文 ABSTRACT The research target of this paper is the Hebei area along the Beijing-Hankou Railway and the time studied in this paper is the period when china was undergoing a radical social change, that is, from the late Qing Dynasty to the outbreat of anti-Japanese War. The paper discusses the important role that the Hebei area along the Beijing-Hankou Railway played in the process of the transition of the Chinese society from a traditional one to a near modern one by sythethising the theories in human geography, urban science, transportation science, statistics , customs and etiquette and the local materials of Hebei area. The construction of Beijing-Hankou Railway was far from being easy. It finally opened to traffic in 1905 after ups and downs . Before the advent of the railway, the traditional means of transportation in the central and southern parts of Hebei relied greatly on the water way and the post roads. The most developed water way of transportation was then the Haihe River and the Grand Canal and the post roads were those which came into existence in the Yuan Dynasty. With the construction of the new transportation network in which railroads played the most important role, the needs for the traditional 内蒙古科技大学包头师范学院硕士学位论文 means of transportation were drying. New cities around the railway stations boomed and the old feudal cities along the water ways and the postroads began to decline. Due to the opening of Beijing-Hankou Railway, the collapse of rural economy in Hebei province accelerated, the commercialization and specialization of agricultural products were greatly strengthened, and the capacity of exporting agricultural products was also improved. At the same time, the development of railway led to the development of modern industry and the mining industry especially. Moreover, the new railway did not only stimulate the commercial market prosperity, but also expanded the scope of outward trading. Commercial guilds of all kinds sproute