焦炉作业工人尿中多环芳烃代谢物与肺功能下降的关联性研究-劳动卫生与环境卫生学专业论文.docxVIP

焦炉作业工人尿中多环芳烃代谢物 与肺功能下降的关联性研究 目 录 中文摘要 ·································································································· 1 英文摘要 ·································································································· 3 前 言 ·································································································· 5 焦炉作业工人尿中多环芳烃代谢物与肺功能下降的关联性研究 ········ 7 1 COEs 暴露对工人肺功能的影响 7 1.1 研究对象及方法 ··············································································· 7 1.2 结果 ································································································· 10 1.3 讨论 ································································································· 14 2 PAHs 与工人肺功能下降的关联 15 2.1 研究对象及方法 ·············································································· 15 2.2 结果 ································································································· 19 2.3 讨论 ································································································· 23 参考文献 ································································································ 25 空气颗粒物对呼吸系统的影响····························································· 29 致 谢 ································································································ 47 华中科技大学硕士学位论文 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 PAGE 1 PAGE 1 焦炉作业工人尿中多环芳烃代谢物与肺功能下降的 关联性研究 学位申请人：胡 蝶 导 师：邬堂春 教授 摘 要 目的：研究焦炉作业工人尿中多环芳烃（polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons， PAHs）代谢物与肺功能下降的关联，为进一步阐明焦炉工人早期肺部损伤机制以 及制订预防职业性肺损伤的策略提供科学依据。 方法：检测环境中一氧化碳、二氧化硫、苯可溶物、颗粒物及颗粒物上载带 PAHs 的浓度，采用问卷调查和健康体检的方式收集武汉某焦化厂 912 名工人的职业信 息和健康情况，工人按照外环境检测结果和职业史分为办公室人群（对照组）和 焦炉作业工人（暴露组）。收集工人的清晨尿液，用气相色谱-质谱联用仪检测尿 中 10 种 PAHs 代谢物，并采用肺功能分析仪检测工人的肺功能。 结果：焦炉作业工人长期暴露于高浓度的 COEs 中，而办公室区域的 COEs 水平相 对较低，据此，我们将焦炉作业人群定义为暴露组，办公人群定义为对照组。尽 管暴露组的平均年龄和工龄均小于对照组，但其肺功能均低于对照组，差异有统 计学意义。接着，我们根据工人的职业史，计算了工人在焦炉作业的时间，即焦 炉作业时间，没有在焦炉工作的时间即为无焦炉作业时间。结果显示，在暴露组 中，腰臀比与 FEV1%的负关联有显著性，并且随焦炉作业时间的增加，FEV1/FVC% 降低的趋势也具有显著性（β =﹣0.1