病生理-第四章 酸碱平衡紊乱.pdfVIP

第第四章章 酸酸碱平衡紊碱平衡紊乱 (Acid(Acid-basebase disturbances)disturbances) 病理生理教研室 吴立玲 pathophy@bjmupathophy@bjmu.eduedu.cncn DemandsDemandsDemandsDemands ofofofof learninglearninglearninglearning DefineDefine thethe conceptsconcepts ofof metabolicmetabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acididosiis, respiirattory alklkallosiis andd miixedd acid-base disturbances. Describe the mechanisms to maintain acidid-bbase bballance. ListList thethe commoncommon causescauses andand ofof acidacid-- base disturbances. DemandsDemandsDemandsDemands ofofofof learninglearninglearninglearning Describe the definitions and significances ofof laboratorylaboratory teststests thatthat areare usedused forfor evaluating acid-base balance. DDescribibe ththe compensattory mechhaniisms involving the simple acid-base disorders. + + Explain the interaction between K and H inin pHpH regulation.regulation. Case studyy woman 38 ， 2-day history of weakness andd postturall didizziiness （（直立性眩晕直立性眩晕 ）） History：laxative （泻药）abuse with multiplemultiple bowelbowel movementsmovements eacheach dayday Physical examination： BPBP 110/60110/60 mmHg ffalllls tto 80/5080/50 mmHg HR 100 beats/min and regular Skin turgor is poor TheThe mucousmucous membranemembrane isis drydry LaboratoryLaboratory testtest + [Na ] = 140 mmol/L [K[ +]] = 3.3 mmol/L - [Cl ] ＝ 116 mmol/L Urine + [[Na ]] = 9 mmol/L BUN = 40 mg/dL AArtteriiall pHH = 77.2525 -