汉语涉数结构中的数词研究-语言学及应用语言学专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 白维国主编的《现代汉语句典》(中国大百科全书出版社，2001)以 独创的体例广收现、当代作品中使用的古文、古典诗词名句、格言，同 时也收录了流传在人们口头上的或者在文章中经常使用的会使表达变 得丰富生动的那样一些比较固定的句子，大致可分为：名句、谚语、格 言、歇后语、俗语。《现代汉语句典》中包含数词的句子相当多，表达 极富民族特色，具有很高的语料价值。 本文主要是对《现代汉语句典》中的涉数结构和数词进行语法研究， 采用定量统计和静态描写的方法从句法、语义和运用几个方面进行综合 分析考察。 论文共分为四个部分：第一部分包括本文研究的背景和现状、对象 和方法、意义以及涉数结构中的数词体系。第二部分主要包括数词的分 布特点，数词与其他词语的组合格式，数词和数词结构的句法功能，数 词的活用。第三部分是涉数结构中数词的语义特点，对具有鲜明特色的 涉数结构中的数词进行详尽的语义分析，体现句典语料的不同之处。第 四部分从数词创设的修辞技巧，涉数结构的节律，数词的文化意义三个 方面揭示出涉数结构中数词的用法和功能。 本文力图通过以上研究，深化对句典中数词及涉数结构的认识，加 深对现代汉语数词的把握，这对汉语的语法研究有促进作用，对对外汉 语教学也有着重要意义。 关键词：数词；涉数结构：句法；语义；运用 ABSTRACTDictionary ABSTRACT Dictionary of Sayings in Modern Chinese，edited by Bai Guowei， extensively collected the rhesis and proverbs in the ancient articles and classic poems occurring in the Modem and Contemporary works with a special proportion as well as those famous sayings which are popular in spoken Chinese and be frequently used in the articles to make the expression more vividly．These rhesis and famous sayings could be generally divided into the following groups：rhesis，adages，proverbs，two—part allegorical sayings and slang．In this dictionary there are lots of sayings including the numerals，which makes the expressions be of unique nation characteristics and of high value in lingual materials． This paper mainly study the numerals and the structures involved in the numerals in the Dictionary of Sayings in Modern Chinese with the quantitative statistical analysis and static description from the aspects of syntax，semantic and practical uses． This paper includes four parts as following： The introduction generalizes the research background，the recent study situation，the object，the methods and the Numeral system of the structure involved in numerals． The second part analyses the numeral’S distribution，the combination forms between numerals and other kinds of words，the syntax function of the numeral numeral structure as well as the flexible application of numerals． The third part analyses the semantic characteri st