硅、钼、硒及其配合喷施对几种蔬菜吸收、积累镉及蔬菜品质的影响-植物营养学专业论文.docxVIP

硅、钼、硒及其配合喷施对几种蔬菜吸收、积累镉及蔬菜品质的影响摘 硅、钼、硒及其配合喷施对几种蔬菜吸收、积累镉及蔬菜品质的影响 摘 要 由于农田重金属污染加重，蔬菜生产易受镉污染危害。因此，研究合理的施肥 方式以降低蔬菜中镉含量及提高其品质，能为生产安全蔬菜提供重要保证。本研究 通过三季盆栽试验，研究了硅、钼、硒及其配合喷施对不同蔬菜吸收、积累镉及其 产品品质的影响，主要结果如下： 1．小白菜盆栽试验表明，与对照相比，两个小白菜品种进行硅、钼、硒及其配 合喷施均提高了小白菜的产量、叶片的叶绿素(SPAD值)、还原性Vc的含量、可溶 性蛋白质含量和可溶性糖含量，富集了所喷施元素，并且降低了小白菜地上部和根 部的镉含量。其中喷施Si、Mo和SiMoSc显著降低了小白菜四月蔓地上部镉含量， 喷施MoSt显著降低了小白菜中其地上部镉含量。 2．辣椒盆栽试验表明，与对照相比，两个辣椒品种进行硅、钼、硒及其配合喷 旅均提高了辣椒的产量、叶片的叶绿素(SPAD值)、还原性Vc的含量和可溶性蛋白 质含量，富集了所喷施元素。各喷施处理下，两个品种辣椒果实中镉含量有降低趋 势，其中喷施Mo和SiMoSc显著降低了辣椒早杂二号果实中镉含量。 3．萝卜盆栽试验表明，与对照相比，两个萝卜品种进行硅、钼、硒及其配合喷 施均提高了萝t-的产量、叶片的叶绿素(SPAD值)、还原性Vc的含量、可溶性蛋白 质含量和可溶性糖含量，降低了其硝酸盐含量，富集了所喷施元素。各喷施处理降 低了萝卜原种七叶红肉质根中镉含量，提高了其叶片中镉含量；对萝卜青头沙罐而 言，各喷施处理降低了其肉质根和叶片中镉含量。其中喷施Mo、SiSe和MoSt显著 降低了青头沙罐肉质根中镉含量。 关键词：镉；蔬菜；品种；叶面剂；品质 华中农业大学201 华中农业大学201 1届硕士研究生学位论文 Abstract As the increasing heavy metals pollution of the farmland，vegetable production is easily endangered by Cd contamination,which is one of the most toxic heavy metals to both plants and animals．For this reason,the study of reasonable fertilization to reduce the cadmium content of vegetables and improve their quality is an efficient approach to guarantee the safety of vegetables．Three quarters of pot experiment were carried out to study the effect of silicon,molybdenum,selenium and their complexes spraying on growth and quality,Cd uptake and accumulation of different vegetables．The main results are listed as follows： l The pot-experiment of brassica chinensis indicated,the yield，chlorophyll content in Ieaves(SPAD value)，soluble protein content,soluble sugar content,Vc and the corresponding elements content of two kinds of brassica chinensis were enhanced by silicon,molybdenum,selenium and their complexes spraying，compared而m the contr01． The Cd content of shoot and root of two kinds of brassica chinensis were declined by the treatments．For variety Siyueman，the Cd content of shoot was declined significantly by treatment(Si)，treatment(Mo)and treatment(SiMoSe)；For variety Zhongqi，the Cd content of shoot