惠安方言动词谓语句研究-汉语言文字学专业论文.docx

摘 摘 要 惠安方言是素有“古汉语活化石”之美誉的闽南方言的一个点。惠安方言动词谓语句是 一种极具特点又相当复杂的句型。本文在调查、掌握大量第一手自然语料的基础上，运用归 纳和演绎，描写和解释，语法和语音相结合等方法，首度从句法、语义和语用等方面对惠安 方言动词谓语句进行了多角度的透视。通过研究，本文揭示了这样几个事实：1．普通话与汉 语方言在语法上的差别不是“不明显”，而是很大。与普通话相比，惠安方言动词谓语句较 显明的特点主要有：语序灵活多变，句中动词重叠能力很强、表义功能丰富，受事居前非常 普遍，句子表达简洁凝练。2．闽南方言不但在语音和词汇上与占代汉语具有深厚的渊源关系， 在语法上也同样与古代汉语具有深厚的渊源关系，无论是上古汉语还是中占汉语的动词谓语 句都能在惠安方言中找到它们留F的“踪迹”。3．惠安方言尽管是闽语的一个支系，在语法 上与周边闽语有不少相同之处，但仍然存在着不同程度的差异。可见，惠安方言是一种与普 通话差异较大的方言，它身上既流淌着早期古汉语的“血液”，与周边闽语具有“亲缘”关 系，同时又有自己的发展轨迹。 关键词：惠安话动词谓语句句法语义语用 Abstract The dialect of Huian is a branch of the southern dialects of Fujian which have enjoyed the reputation of”living fossils of ancient Chinese language”．The verb predicate sentence pattern of Huian dialect is quite complicated with its own characteristics．This dissertation．based on investigations and numerous firsthand natural language materials，is a thorough research on the dialect verb predicate sentence of Huian dialect in i乜sentence structures．semantic meanings and pragmatic uses．T11e author employs the methods of deduction and induction．with detailed description and explanation ofgrammar and pronunciation，This dissertation reveals the following facts：1．The difierence between Mandarin and Han dialect is obvious in grammar．The characteristics that the verb predicate sentence pattern of Huian dialect has such flexible word order,overlaps of verbs，the meaningful expressions，the inversion ofthe verb and the object,and the concise sentence structure are remarkable by comparison with Mandarin．2．The southem dialects of Fojian not only are closely related with ancient Chinese language in the pronunciation， vocabulary and grammar,we find the“traces”ofverb predicate sentence structures ofancient Chinese language in Huian dialect．3．Though the dialect of Huian is a branch of the southern dialects of Fujian,there exists much difierence in口ammar from other southern Fujian dialects despite some similarities．It is obvious that Huian dialect is a dialect which is very different with Ma