甲拌磷对土壤微生物活性的影响及其在干旱区土壤中的降解-植物营养学专业论文.docxVIP

【结论】土壤施入甲拌磷改变了土壤微生物群落结构，降低了土壤微生物活性。甲拌磷 在干旱区土壤中降解速度较快，半衰期 10d 以下。应用微生物富集驯化方法分离筛选得 到了两株降解能力较强的菌株 XT1 和 XT2，能将 500mg/L 的甲拌磷在 5 天内降解 83%。 关键词：甲拌磷；根际；土壤微生物；土壤酶；生物量碳\氮；残留；生物降解Abstract【Object】Phorate is a high effective, broad-spectrum organic phosphorous insecticides and acaricide which was widely used in cotton cultivation in Xinjiang. For its long term and widespread used, soil contamination is in high risk. this study were conducted on the Influence of phorate on t soil microbes activities, the dgradation and residual dynamics of Phorate in soil. and phorate- biodegradation .【Methods】Influence of phorate on the quantities of soil microbes, microbial Biomass C．N , enzymeactivities and the dgradation and residual dynamics of Phorate in soil under the simulating experiment and the pot culture experiment were studied . phorate-degrading stains were isolated by enrichment culture.【Results】1﹚Phorate slightly decreased the number of fungi and actinomyces at early stageafter phorate was applied to soil and then recovered quickly to the levels of antitheses. Bacteria were restrained significantly after the application of phorate. The number of bacteriain rhizosphere soil was higher than that in bulk soil，and the R/S was between 1.52-2.68. Thenumber of fungi and actinomycetes was relatively stable as phorate applied, and the rhizosphere effect was so strong as compare to bacteria in this study.2﹚In the simulating experiment, the activity of the soil sucrase, soil protease andalkaline phosphatase in soil were all be inhibited remarkably when soil was treated with phorate. However, the activity of urease was inhibited at early stage, and then stimulated and recovered.3﹚In pot culture experiment, phorate remarkably stimulated the activities of soilprotease, and alkaline phosphatase in rhizophere and non-rhizosphere soil, the activity of soil sucrase in soil was restrained first, then recovered, the activity of soil urease was stimulated first, then was inhibited in tomato