螺旋相位板在产生涡旋光束及图像边缘增强中的应用-光学专业毕业论文.docxVIP

- - PAGE VI - Abstract A spiral phase plate (SPP) is a phase-only diffraction optical element with an optical thickness that is proportional to the azimuthal angle, and when an incident plane wave passes through a SPP, it will become a vortex beam which is a special optical field with a phase singularity, helical phase wave front and certain orbital angular momentum. These characteristics of a SPP are expected to lead to important potential application in many areas including optical micromanipulation, free space optical communication, optical imaging and so on. SPP has become the research hotspot in the generation, modulation and the application of the optical vortices. On the basis of the SPP, the optical vortices generation, sidelobes suppression, and its application in image edge enhancement are theoretically analysed and experimentally researched in this article. The major content and results are shown below: We introduced several methods for producing optical vortices and their advantages and disadvantages, including geometric model conversion method, computer generated hologram method, liquid crystal spatial light modulation method , spiral phase plate method and so an. And on the basis of the phase-only reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulation, we studied the Fraunhofer diffraction of a strictly finite, plane wave by a circular spiral phase plate. With theoretical modulation and experimental velidation, we analyzed the influence of the factors on the vortex beam intensity distribution, such as the topological charge , radius of the SPP and so on. It was found that on the far-field diffraction of a plane wave by the circular SPP, the topological charge n controlled the beam distribution characteristics, and the radius R controlled the beam size. We introduced several common methods for optical vortex sidelobes suppression in detail, including the optimal annular SPP, radially modulated SPP, Bessel-like modulated SPP and so on, gave the transmittanc