重庆医科大学小儿感染病学课件 流行性腮腺炎（英文）.pptVIP

Acute respiratory tract infection A systemic disease High affinity to nerve tissue and glands Nonsuppurative inflammation of salivary glands Meningocephalitis, pancreatitis, and orchitis Parotitis and orchitis described by Hippocrates in 5th century B.C. Viral etiology described by Johnson and Goodpasture in 1934 Notifiable disease PREVENTION ETIOLOGY MUMPS VIRUS ETIOLOGY MUMPS VIRUS Classification: A RNA virus single-stranded negative Genus: Rubulavirus Family: paramyxoviridae Serotype: Only one Location: Saliva, Cerebrospinal fluid Blood, Urine, infectious tissues cold-resistant Disinfections: Rapidly inactivate by chemical agents, heat and ultraviolet light Man are only host ETIOLOGY MUMPS VIRUS Electron micrograph of the mumps virus EPIDEMIOLOGY EPIDEMIOLOGY EPIDEMIOLOGY Infectious sources: clinical and subclinical patients Infective stage: Patients are the most infectious from 1-2 days before the onset of swelling till the completely detumescence of the salivary gland EPIDEMIOLOGY Routes of transmission An airborne pathogen Person to person transmission mainly by the droplet spray Rarely by direct transmission from the fomites contaminated by the saliva EPIDEMIOLOGY Population susceptibility Be susceptible to all the people without explosure to virus or vaccine The age of peak incidence: 5-9 years old 85% of infections occurred in children below 15 years of age Incidence of baby under 6 months is lower Both clinical and subclinical infections provide lifelong immunity, reinfection is extremely rare EPIDEMIOLOGY Epidemic Season Winter and early spring A cold-resistance pathogen PATHOPHYSIOLGY PATHOPHYSIOLGY PATHOLOGY PATHOLOGY Salivary Glands CNS PATHOLOGY Salivary Glands The glandular and ductal epithelium undergoes degenerative changes with intraluminal