冷轧工业纯铝退火强化性能的研究-材料学专业论文.docxVIP

A Thesis Submitted to Shanghai Jiao Tong University for the Degree of Master Annealing Hardening for Commercial Pure Aluminum Processed by Cold Rolling Author: Zhang Ning Specialty: Materials Science Advisor: Associate Prof. Shen Yao School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, P. R. China January 19, 2010 PAGE PAGE IV 冷轧工业纯铝退火强化性能的研究 摘 要 本文采用室温单轴拉伸、纳米压痕以及 TEM 等试验手段，对冷 轧大变形状态下的纯度为 99.7 %的工业纯铝，在退火前后力学性能和 微观结构的变化，进行了较系统的研究。 拉伸试验结果显示，大变形量（轧制量）的冷轧铝材在 150℃退 火 30 分钟后表现出了明显的退火强化现象，即退火后铝材的屈服强 度比退火前（冷轧态）有显著提高，而延伸率下降。退火后铝材屈服 强度的增量随轧制量的增加而增大，而较小的轧制量则可能导致传统 的退火软化现象。若随后对退火试样再次进行冷轧变形，则屈服强度 下降，延伸率上升。同时，利用循环弛豫试验测量了铝材具有典型意 义的变形参数-表观激活体积和物理激活体积。试验结果表明，激活 体积随轧制变形量的增加而减小，随退火温度的升高和退火时间的增 加而增大。纳米压痕蠕变试验同样证实了退火强化现象的存在，即在 相同的加载速率下，退火后的铝材总蠕变量小于未退火的铝材，而在 相同的载荷与保载时间下，退火后的铝材压入深度要小于未退火的铝 材。 基于一系列实验结果，晶界位错源抑制强化被推测为细晶铝材出 现退火强化的主要机理。TEM 显微组织观察表明，退火后，细晶铝 材的晶粒尺度没有明显长大，但可动位错密度显著减少，导致了铝材 强度的增加和延伸率的降低。再次冷轧后，铝材中的可动位错密度增 加，屈服强度降低。另外，试验测出细晶铝材的激活体积要比粗晶铝 材小两个数量级，这表明细晶铝材位错运动的主要的热激活机理不同 于粗晶铝材中通常的林位错切割机理。 关键词：细晶，强塑性大变形，退火强化，激活体积，压痕蠕变 Annealing Hardening for Commercial Pure Aluminum Processed by Cold Rolling Abstract In this paper, the mechanical properties and micro-structural of commercial pure aluminum (99.7%) processed by Cold Rolling before and after the annealing were studied by uniaxial tensile testing, nanoindentation instrument and transmission electron microscopy. From the tensile testing experiments, the large equivalent strain aluminum appears obvious hardening after heat treatment and softening when subsequently deformation, which is in contrast to the typical behavior of coarse aluminum. Micro-structural investigation indicates that slight coarsening occurred during annealing and reduced the dislocation density, leading to an increasing in strength and a reduction in ductility. A subsequent cold rolling deformation may restore the dislocation structural and facilitate the yielding process when the aluminum is stressed. As a result, the strength decreases a