论《老子》中的“知”与“欲”-中国哲学专业论文.docxVIP

论文摘要《老子》文中多处涉及“知与“欲一，当这二者作为名词而言时，知，可理解为 论文摘要 《老子》文中多处涉及“知与“欲一，当这二者作为名词而言时，知，可理解为 知识，欲，则为欲望。《老子》第三章将这二者并列举出，明确提出“无知无欲，“知 与“欲之间似乎存在千丝万缕的联系，而纵观《老子》全文，这一点无疑得到了肯定。 那么，老子对于“知’’与“欲’’的态度究竟为何，二者之间到底存在着怎样密切的关联 呢?本文试图通过对《老子》文中“知与“欲”的辨析，整合出全文的意旨所在，揭 示出老子这一著作所包含的深刻理论意义及其时代精神。 俗人世界是个以俗人之“知一与“欲标注的世界。俗人之知与欲最为典型的特征 即在于二者均是不断向外伸展、探求。“知’’所表征的是一种明晰性和分辨性，它将世 界分析地清楚明白；“欲’’则意味着以己之性强加于物和以物之性强加于己这两个方面。 “知与“欲在俗人世界中得以展开并相互作用，形成一个高速循环的链条，带动着 整个社会的运行与发展。然而，这一链条在运行过程中却出现了并不乐观的效应，人类 社会潜藏的危机日益显现出来，人性、物性遭遇丧失，社会秩序亟需整治。在认清事实 之后，老子希冀人们回归淳朴、敦厚的本性，亦塑造出其心目中的理想人格一圣人。 圣人与俗人所循之路是两条道路，两个方向。圣人以对自性的回归及对大道的追求 为目标，其所具之“知刀与“欲乃是对俗人之“知一与“欲’’的“无，通过弱化、 消解掉俗人之知与欲，而建立起“不知之知、“不欲之欲，最终在对道的知与欲中体 道、悟道。 本文希望通过对《老子》文中知与欲的讨论，展示出俗人与圣人之在世的两条不同 的道路，从而揭示出老子所追寻的理想社会之核心与实质。 关键词：知，欲，俗人，道 AbstractLao乃contains Abstract Lao乃contains many references to”know”and”desire什，when the two terms are talked as nouns，”know竹Can be understood as knowledge，and”desire”means want．In the chapter III of Lao Z／,the twO termsre parallel cited，clearly stated the requirement of refusing and transcending to knowledge and desire，it seems that there’S a inextricable link between the two words．and this Can be confirmed throughout the book Lao乃．Then what is the attitude of Lao—Tse toward”know”and”desire竹，how these two terms relate to each other?Through the analysis of two terms，this paper attempts to integrate the intention of the book Lao Z／and reveals the profound theoretical significance and spirit of the time contained in it． The mass world is marked by earthly knowledge and desire,the typical feature of the earthly knowledge and desire is that they ale constantly stretching out and exploring,¨know” which represent of clarity and resolution is something analyzing to make the world understandable,while”desire什m翩tns impose my own property to other people and object，or contrarily,be imposed by the property of other people and object．In this way,”know什and ”desire”re able to launch in the mass world and interact to form a chain of high·speed cycle, which drive the