声场与结构的耦合分析及其在耳声传递模拟中的应用-工业工程专业论文.docx

华 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 I I 摘 要 有限元分析是模拟声音在人耳内传递的有效方法，通过声场——结构耦合有限元模 型计算可模拟中耳结构变化对耳声传递的影响。 本文建立了包括耳道和耳腔内的空气、中耳结构、简化直腔耳蜗及淋巴液集成的有 限元模型。通过声场——结构耦合分析计算声音由外耳道向内耳的传递过程，获得了鼓 膜、镫骨足板的位移、中耳的声压增益、前庭阶的压力分布及前庭阶与鼓阶的压力差， 模拟了基底膜自蜗底到蜗顶的频率选择特性。 在声场正向传递分析的基础上，通过建立的简化直腔耳蜗模型，分析圆窗激励条件 下的声音由圆窗经过鼓阶、前庭阶传递至卵圆窗并到达中耳的逆向传递过程，获得了耳 声逆向传递下的耳蜗压力分布、鼓阶与前庭阶压力差分布。 最后，本文建立了中耳与中耳植入辅助听力装置的有限元模型，计算了助听装置植 入中耳前后的鼓膜和镫骨足板的位移响应，分析了不同安装条件下植入式助听质量对中 耳声传递功能的影响。 中耳与耳蜗集成模型计算获得的鼓膜及镫骨位移响应、中耳压力增益、圆窗处的压 力增益和声音逆向传递条件下压力差分布等结果与相关实验数据较一致，说明了本文建 立的中耳模型、耳蜗模型和基底膜力学参数的合理性。因此，本文建立的中耳与简化耳 蜗集成模型可进一步应用于不同条件下中耳功能和耳蜗运动功能的数值模拟。 关键词：中耳 耳蜗 有限元分析 基底膜 耦合 II II Abstract The coupled analysis with finite element method is a way of simulating sound transmission in human ear. The influence in sound transmission by changes of middle ear structure was simulated through calculating the acoustics-structure model. In this thesis, a coupled model was established, including air in ear canal and middle ear cavity, middle ear, fluid in the simplified straight cochlea. Through the coupled calculation, some results were derived, such as displacement of stapes footplate and tympanic membrane, press gain in middle ear, pressure distribution in cochlear etc. And a simplified cochlear model was built with reference to some achievement of researchers; the frequency sensitivity of the basilar membrane motion was predicted along the length of the basilar membrane from the basal turn to the apex. Based on the analysis above, with the established cochlear model, the process of reverse sound transmission was simulated from cochlear to middle ear by round window stimulation, and pressure distribution in scala vestibuli, differential pressure between scala vestibuli and scala tympani were derived by calculation. At last, the integrated finite element model of middle ear and implantable middle ear hearing aids was built. Using this model, displacement responses of tympanic membrane and stapes footplate were derived before and after implanting the hearing aids, an