类水滑石净化器对NOx脱除机理与制备车辆工程专业论文.docxVIP

类水滑石净化器对 NOx 脱除机理与制备 摘 要 柴油机因具备较好的动力性和经济性，从而在各种车辆和动力装置中广泛的应 用。然而柴油机排放中主要污染物 NOx 给自然环境和人类生活都带来了严重危害， 大幅度降低 NOx 排放需要更好的机外脱除技术，本文旨在寻求更有效的催化剂及其 净化器制备，为柴油机 NOx 排放新技术发展做贡献。 本论文对水滑石化合物脱除 NOx 的反应机理进行了初步的探讨，采用共沉淀法 制备分别含 Mg、Al、Ni、Cu、Fe 几种元素的类水滑石，利用 X 射线衍射分析、红 外光谱分析、热重分析、扫描电镜分析及比表面积测试方法对其进行表征分析。所制 备的类水滑石在一定温度下焙烧，得到复合金属氧化物催化剂，按特定工艺条件将其 涂覆于蜂窝陶瓷载体，制成类水滑石净化器。通过建立模拟柴油机尾气排放实验装置， 考察其复合金属氧化物催化剂粉末和类水滑石净化器分别脱除 NO 的性能，并进行了 不同焙烧温度、反应温度、涂覆次数及氧气的存在与否对其催化剂脱除性能的影响。 实验结果表明：在实验不同条件下，净化器比粉末催化剂的脱除率都要高；在优 化条件下（模拟烟气流量 1L/min、NO 浓度 600ppm、O2 浓度 10％、温度为 250℃）， MgAlNi 类水滑石净化器的 NO 脱除效率高达 76.9%。 关键词：NOx 脱除，类水滑石，净化器制备，性能表征 I HYDROTALCITE-LIKE PURIFIER ON NOx REMOVAL MECHANISM AND PREPARATION ABSTRACT Diesel engine is used more and more widely on many kinds of autos and dynamical equipments for its high dynamical and economical performances.But nitric oxide(NOx) is diesel chief emissions, which is one of major pollutants in the atmosphere and causes great harm to natural environment and human life. Greatly reduce NOx emissions need to be better closed to removal technology, the purpose of this paper is to search for more effective catalysts and their preparation, purifier for diesel engine NOx emissions do contribution to the development of new technology. In this paper, the reaction mechanism of removing NOx hydrotalcite compound has carried on the preliminary discussion. The catalyst precursors containing Mg,Al,Ni,Cu and Fe were prepared through coprecipition.X-ray diffraction analysis, infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and BET characterization analysis were used for the characterization of the above prepared catalysts. Hydrotalcite was calcined under a certain temperature, and composited metal oxide catalyst, according to the specific process conditions coated on ceramic honeycomb carrier, made into the hydrotalcite purifier.Through the establishment of simulation of diesel engine exhaust emission experiment device of the compound metal oxide catalyst pow