基于主成分分析的世界主要城市空气污染的研究.docxVIP

海南大学 毕业论文（设计） 题 目：基于主成分分析的世界主要城市空气污 染的研究 学 号： 姓 名： 年 级：2009级 学 院：信息科学技术学院 系 另:数学系 业：信息与计算科学 指导教师： 完成日期：2013年4月30 E1 摘 要 随着人口的高速增长，工农业的高速发展，人类活动对大气环境的影 响越来越大。有些大气环境问题也越来越突出，如全球变暖、臭氧层遭破 坏和酸雨的危害等。有些大气污染所造成的危害已经没有了国界的限制， 形成了全球性大气污染，成为与世界各国都有直接利害关系的问题。全球 性大气污染已引起了世界各国的普遍关注。要解决这个问题，需要各国协 调一致的行动，不论是发达国家还是发展中国家，都应为此进行努力，在 公平合理的原则基础上，承担起各自的责任与义务。治理空气污染己经到 了刻不容缓的时刻。 本文主要运用SAS软件对《屮国统计年鉴》2005年到2011年世界主 要城市空气污染状况数据进行主成分分析，去除由总悬浮颗粒物、二氧化 碳和二氧化硫三个污染因子衡量空气污染程度的冗余，得出主成分刃，使 其保留原有指标的主要信息，成为衡量城市污染状况的唯一指标，以便方 便地获得一个城市的空气污染状况，并采取相应的措施治理该城市的环境 污染。 关键词：环境污染；主成分分析；贡献率；环境保护 Abstract With the rapid growth and development of the population, industry and agriculture, the influence of human activities on the atmospheric environment is more and more big. Some of the atmospheric environmental problem is becoming more and more prominent, such as global warming, ozone layer destruction and the harm of acid rain, etc. Some harm has been caused by air pollution without the national borders restrictions, formed the global atmospheric pollution, become a direct interest with all countries in the world. Global air pollution has caused widespread concern around the world. To solve this problem, need concerted action in all countries, both developed countries and developing countries, should make efforts for this; assume their respective responsibilities and obligations, on the basis of the principle of fair and reasonable. So it is urgent to control air pollution has reached a moment. In this passage, I use the SAS software to deal with the data, which is the worlds major cities air pollution of China Statistical Yearbook from 2005 to 2011, with principal component analysis. Removing the redundancy, that uses the total suspended particulate, carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide to judge the degree of air pollution. Get the main ingredient y, make it include the main information of the original indicators, become the only indicator of urban pollution. So it is convenient to know the conditions of a city