week 13 配子传递 受精与合子早期发育.pptx

植物细胞与发育生物学;Pollination and Fertilization授粉与受精;The goal of sexual reproduction is fertilization;Fertilizationplant VS animal;Plant life cycle;Plant life cycle;Pollination (授粉)and Fertilization(受精);Pollination and Fertilization;Double fertilization;Double fertilization;(Dresselhaus et al., Mol. Plant. (2013) 6: 1018-1036);Edlund et al, Plant Cell (2004), 16: S84-S97;Pollination in Arabidopsis;Schematic representation of sperm cell behavior during double fertilization in Arabidopsis. Step 1 is the pollen tube discharge phase. Sperm cells are delivered rapidly from the pollen tube into the female gametophyte. The receptive synergid cell is likely to breakdown just after the start of pollen tube discharge. Step 2 is the immobility phase. After delivery, sperm cells remain at the boundary region between the egg cell and the central cell for 7.4-3.3 min. Step 3 is the double fertilization phase. After the immobility phase, sperm cells fuse with each target (plasmogamy) and their nuclei reinitiate movement toward the target gamete nuclei. The time lag between the first and second fertilization is 2.5 1.7 min. Step 4 is the reinitiation of the cell cycle and the transcription and translation that leads to the onset of the zygotic life.;;Gametophyte-sporophyte relationships in different plant groups.;The life cycle of a fern ;Gamnosperm Vs. angiosperm;Seed plants VS. Seedless plants;被子植物;Fruit：;In angiosperm:;Regulation of the polination fertilization;(Dresselhaus et al., Mol. Plant. (2013) 6: 1018-1036);(Dresselhaus et al., Mol. Plant. (2013) 6: 1018-1036);Female gametophyte development;Pollen adhere, hydrate, and germinate on the stigma;LePRK1 and LePRK2 associate in mature pollen membranes (pregermination) as part of a multimeric protein complex (Left). In this complex, LAT52 interacts as an extracellular partner and hypothetical pollen proteins (X, Y, and Z) interact with the cytoplasmic domains of LePRK1 and of phosphorylated LePRK2. Upon germination on the sti