有机类PVC热稳定剂的研究现状翻译.docVIP

有机类PVC热稳定剂的研究现状 Reserch Progress of Organic PVC Thermal Stabilizer 摘 要：热稳定剂是一类能防止或减少聚合物在加工使用过程中受热而发生降解或交联，延长复合材料使用寿命的添加剂。常用的PVC稳定剂按照主要成分分类可分为盐基类、脂肪酸皂类、有机锡化合物、复合型热稳定剂及纯有机化合物类。本文着重对有机化合物类的PVC稳定剂做了总结，得到了PVC在各种热稳定剂改性后的性能。并对其发展趋势做了客观的预测。 关键词：P VC 热稳定剂 有机化合物 现状 Abstract: Thermal stabilizers is a class of additives to prevent or reduce polymers heat in the processing then to be degradation or cross-linking, to extend the life cycle of composite materials. Commonly, PVC stabilizers can be divided into categories according to the main component of base classes, fatty acid soaps, organic tin compounds, complex organic compounds in heat-stable agents and pure class. This article focuses on the class of pure organic compounds of PVC stabilizer, summarized the obtained PVC heat stabilizer in a variety of modified performance. And on objective forecasts to its development trend. Key words: PVC Thermal, stabilizer Organic compound, Status 前言 聚氯乙烯（PVC）是世界通用的五大合成树脂之一，其制品也是产量较大的一种通用塑料产品，因其具有自熄、阻燃、耐磨、强度较高、电绝缘性和化学稳定性较好等优点，且价格低廉，广泛用于工、农业生产的各个领域，目前产量仅次于聚乙烯，居世界第2位。PVC结构中存在缺陷，而PVC是在高温和高剪切条件下进行加工的，容易脱去分子上的HCI而导致聚合物降解，因其产品变色和制品机械性能等下降，影响其使用寿命[1]。因此，在PVC的加工过程中必须加入一定量的热稳定剂，与树脂组成有协同作用的热稳定体系，将分解温度提高到加工温 度以上(一般为180℃～200℃)。稳定剂能在PVC加工及使用过程中抑制制品变色、性能变坏。稳定剂可以通过取代不稳定的氯原子，中和氯化氢，与不饱和部位发生反应等方式抑制PVC的降解。热稳定剂的需求和产量随PVC的需求和产量的增长而增长。由此可见，对热稳定剂的研究和生产将是一个热门的方向[1]。 preface Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is the general five synthetic resin, one of its products are also yield a generic large plastic products, because of its from extinguish, flame retardant, wear-resisting, high strength, electrical insulation and chemical stability were as well as good, and the price cheap, widely used in industry, agriculture production each domain, the current production after polyethylene, the highest in the world second. PVC structure defects, and PVC is in high temperature and high shear conditions of pro