软件项目管理05_Software_effort_estimation.pptVIP

Function points for embedded systems Mark II function points, IFPUG function points were designed for information systems environments COSMIC FPs attempt to extend concept to embedded systems Embedded software seen as being in a particular ‘layer’ in the system Communicates with other layers and also other components at same level SPM (5e) Software effort estimation? The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2009 * Layered software Higher layers Lower layers Software component peer component Makes a request for a service Receives service Receives request Supplies service Peer to peer communication Persistent storage Data reads/ writes SPM (5e) Software effort estimation? The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2009 * COSMIC FPs The following are counted: Entries: movement of data into software component from a higher layer or a peer component Exits: movements of data out Reads: data movement from persistent storage Writes: data movement to persistent storage Each counts as 1 ‘COSMIC functional size unit’ (Cfsu) SPM (5e) Software effort estimation? The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2009 * COCOMO81 Based on industry productivity standards - database is constantly updated Allows an organization to benchmark its software development productivity Basic model effort = c x sizek C and k depend on the type of system: organic, semi-detached, embedded Size is measured in ‘kloc’ ie. Thousands of lines of code SPM (5e) Software effort estimation? The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2009 * The COCOMO constants System type c k Organic (broadly, information systems) 2.4 1.05 Semi-detached 3.0 1.12 Embedded (broadly, real-time) 3.6 1.20 k exponentiation – ‘to the power of…’ adds disproportionately more effort to the larger projects takes account of bigger management overheads SPM (5e) Software effort estimation? The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2009 * An interesting question is what a ‘semi-detached’ system is exactly. To my mind, a project that combines elements of both real-time and information systems (i.e. has a