《测试信号》教学课件Chapter4-Lecture-1-Key-Points.pptx

Chapter 4LTI Discrete-Time Systemsin the Transform-DomainLecture 1Key Pointsh[n]δ[n]LTIThe Frequency ResponseTime-domainFrequency-domainThe Frequency ResponseTime-domainLTIFrequency-domainy[n]x[n]h[n]=x[n] h[n]*An LTI discrete-time systemTime domain: Frequency domain: The Frequency Response:y[n]x[n]h[n]An LTI discrete-time systemZ-domain: Y(z) = H(z)X(z) The Transfer Function:LTI IIR:{ξ k} -zeros {λk}-polesLTI FIR:How to determine the causality of a discrete-time system?① Definition② Time-domain If its impulse response {h[n]} is a causal sequence (使用前提：系统是LTI的)③ Z-domain The ROC of H(z) is given by (使用前提：系统是LTI的)SHow to determine the stability of a discrete-time system?All poles of H(z) must be strictly inside the unit circle (使用前提：系统是LTI且因果的)① Definition If , we have . ② Time-domain (使用前提：系统是LTI的)③ Z-domain The ROC of H(z) includes the unit circle (使用前提：系统是LTI的)实践中如何应对有限字长效应FIR滤波器An FIR digital filter with bounded impulse response is always stable （不存在有限字长效应）IIR滤波器软件滤波器（如由计算机实现），计算机字长32-64位，量化误差小，该效应不明显，可忽略硬件滤波器（如由8-16位FGPA实现）， 根据需求设计好滤波器后，对滤波器的系数进行量化准备存储在硬件之前，必须检查量化后的系数对应的系统是否仍然稳定