《系统生物学》第3讲生物系统的尺度.ppt

BioNumbers is a database of key numbers in molecular and cell biology—the quantitative properties of biological systems of interest to computational, systems and molecular cell biologists. * Cell sizes Metabolite concentrations Reaction rates Generation times Genome sizes The number of mitochondria in a cell * Background and Authors: But, there is no handbooks that containing common numbers in biology. Biology is becoming increasingly quantitative. Finding numbers in the vast literature can be an incredibly time consuming and frustrating experience. * 1970s, the three-volume Biology Data Book “In BioNumbers we aim to enable you to find in one minute any common biological number that can be important for your research.” Ron Milo , at Weizmann Institute in Israel * URL: * * * Searching Keyword “Cell cycle” * * * Now entries: ~5300 * * * Usage: * Some interesting bionumbers: Property Organism Value Units Range Largest protein size - titin Homo sapiens 33423 aa Largest known genome size Polychaos dubium 6.7e+11 bp Cell diameter (largest of any bacteria) Thiomargarita namibiensis 180 μm 100-750 Volume of egg Struthio camelus 1338 cm^3 Number of cells in human body Homo sapiens ~1e+13 Number of hairs on human head Homo sapiens 9-15e+4 Number of hairs in human eyebrows Homo sapiens ~600 Ratio between number of bacteria and number of cells in body Homo sapiens 10 * * * * * What limits the maximal rate at which a bacterium can divide? Generation time: 20 min (why not 2 min? ) Increase the amount of the limiting factor, like the number of nutrient transporters, the number of RNA polymerase complexes. But ribosome??? Ribosome ~7500 aa, 21aa/sec. Translating a single copy of all of the ribosomal proteins ~7500/21≈400 sec≈7 min * In E.coli Rather than relying solely on the limited expertise of our group of curators, the BioNumbers database aims to utilize current information technology to capture the knowled