第一讲-果树的发育生理.pptVIP

参与种子休眠的基因 芽的休眠 生长向休眠传递过程中顶芽的发育状态的改变 不同植物芽休眠对环境的响应 芽在生长发育至休眠过程中相关代谢过程的变化 光周期对芽休眠的调控机制 B?hlenius, et al.(2006) CO/FT regulatory module controls timing of ?owering and seasonal growth cessation in trees. Science 312, 1040–1043. FT/CO基因调控着花的形成和芽休眠的形成 光周期对芽休眠调控途径 顶端 apex 形成层 cambium 温度对休眠的调控 温度是通过调控GA1代谢来控制休眠 DRM1/ARP与顶芽的休眠 DRM1/ARP的发现 Stafstrom et al. 1998 DRM1/ARP参与了多个生物过程 芽休眠的调控途径 花芽的休眠和解除 花芽的休眠主要与花芽的成熟有关) Yamane et al., 2011, Scientia Horticulturae 129: 844-848 低温诱导了花芽的成熟 SDcold Flower arrested Flower bud development and dormancy-mediated arrest Flowering competent Six peach DAM genes responsible for dormancy onset DAM1 DAM2 DAM3 DAM4 DAM5 DAM6 EVG SOC1 FT AP1? LFY AG, AP3, PI, SEP Flower induction SVP Cool temperature FLC FRI Winter Histone methylation DAM function and SVP Vernalization and flowering induction in Arabidopsis DAMs Flower bud development Winter SOC1 FT AP1? LFY AG, AP3, PI, SEP Flower induction SVP Cool temperature FLC FRI Fall Winter Histone methylation Epigenetic programming Dormancy and flower development in peach Peach Meiosis division Stamen carpel, ovule Arabidopsis DAM genes must target genes essential for floral organ development SD Cool Chilling FLC VRN1 DAMs DAMs ? Warm 休眠和春化相同点及不同点 Dormancy and vernalization: Similarity and difference Dormancy release of peach flower buds and its unique regulation Dormancy - flower development arrest Chilling release the arrest DNA methylation Histone methylation Small RNA profile Transcriptional profile Vernalization - flower induction Two programs potentially govern the dormancy release and flower blooming 0 (H) 500 1000 D3 D7 D14 Experimental material – the flower bud number matters T1 T2 T3 T4 Flower bud development during chilling treatment or dormancy release Deep sequencing enables the profiling of multiple stages of gene expression and regulation Genome Epigenome (e.g. DNA