独立宣言IdeasBehindtheRevolution分析解析.pptVIP

IDEAS BEHIND THE REVOLUTION IDEAS BEHIND THE REVOLUTION ? Two levels for the war ? 1- struggle for power between the American Colonists and Great Britain over who would rule them ? 2- the level of ideas – – a rethinking of the proper role of citizens, government and their relationship. – American s learned to demand that the Government respect the citizen s rights COMMON SENSE ? Written by Thomas Paine, expressed both levels ? Appeared January 1776, within a year 500k sold ? Document convinced many including those who wanted a peaceful settlement that complete break was the way to go ? pamphlet came out when Second Continental Congress was meeting Turning Point The Declaration of Independence The Second Continental Congress ? Gathered less than one month after Lexington and Concord ? Most delegates from first Congress, newcomers Ben Franklin from Pennsylvania, John Hancock from Massachusetts, in June Thomas Jefferson from Virginia ? At first delegates like Americans were deeply divided The Declaration of Independence ? Members leaning toward Independence Sam Adams, John Adams, Patrick Henry and Richard Henry Lee ? Moderates John Dickinson favored some compromise ? Olive Branch Petition written by Dickinson – document expressed colonists loyalty and desire for peace. Urged King to halt fighting until a resolution could be found Drafting a Declaration ? June 1776 Congress decided it was time to cut ties with Britain ? Committee appointed to document reasons for the separation on June 11, 1776 ? Thomas Jefferson of Virginia ? John Adams of Massachusetts ? Ben Franklin of Pennsylvania ? Roger Sherman of Connecticut ? Robert R. Livingston of New York ? Knowing Jefferson s prowess with pen, Adams urged him to author he first draft of the document, which was then carefully revised by Adams and Franklin before being given to Congress for review on June 28th Drafting a Declaration ? Jefferson influenced by the Enlightenment which emphasiz