材料导论 (63)材料导论.pdf

Video 12: Synthetic Rubber Today, we are going to talk about another important elastomer. It is synthetic rubber. 合成橡胶 译文： 今天，我们要聊一聊另外一类重要的弹性体，合成橡胶。 First, we have to know why synthetic rubber is developed. There are some problems for natural rubber, such as the limited sources. Even with the improved property obtained through vulcanization, natural rubber also has poor properties on aging resistance, chemical resistance, and oxidation resistance, due the reactive sites of carbon-carbon double bonds. 译文： 首先，我们需要知道为什么要发展合成橡胶。天然橡胶存在一些问题，例如有限的资源。尽 管硫化可以提高其性能，但由于碳碳双键的反应位点，天然橡胶的耐老化型、耐化学品性和 抗氧性等性能依然较弱。 Moreover, it is necessary to develop new elastomer to meet the special requirements in practical applications. For example, we have to consider the specific properties, price, and processibility of elastomers in practical applications. 译文： 并且，有必要开发新的弹性体来满足实际应用中的特殊要求。例如，我们需要考虑弹性体材 料在实际应用中的特殊性能、价格和可加工性等。 Due to these shortcomings and specific requirements, the search for a substitute produced several synthetic rubbers in the early to middle part of the twentieth century. Firstly, based on knowledge about natural rubbers, scientist aimed to synthesize a polymer with the same molecular structure of natural rubbers, in order to copy their properties and overcome the shortcoming of limited sources. 译文： 由于这些缺点和特殊要求，在20 世纪中叶的早期，作为天然橡胶的替代品，合成橡胶被生产 出来。首先，基于对天然橡胶的了解，科学家们希望合成与天然橡胶具有相同分子结构的聚 合物，从而复制天然橡胶的性能，并克服其资源短缺的弊端。有缘学习更多驾卫星ygd3076 In 1909, a research group, working at the Bayer laboratory in Germany, succeeded in polymerizing isoprene. The first synthetic rubber was obtained. This is the chemical structure of polyisoprene. Synthetic polyisoprene is almost identical in properties to natural rubbers than any other rubber materials. Compared with natural rubber, the synthetic polyisoprene has greater stretching ab