材料导论 (62)材料导论.pdf

Video 11: Natural Rubber Today, we are going to talk about elastomer. 弹性体材料。 译文: 今天，我们来聊一聊弹性体。 What is elastomer. First, we have to understand the definition of elastomer. Elastomers refer to the groups of polymers that exhibit rubbery or elastic behavior, including natural rubbers and synthetic rubbers. Elastomer is a kind of macromolecular materials which returns rapidly to the initial dimension and shape at room temperature after substantial deformation by a weak stress and release of the stress. 译文: 什么是弹性体？首先，我们要了解弹性体的定义。弹性体是一类具有弹性的高分子材料，包 括天然橡胶和合成橡胶。弹性体是在弱的应力下形变显著，应力去除后能迅速恢复到接近初 始状态和尺寸的一类高分子材料。 弹性体是在弱的应力下形变显著，应力去除后能迅速恢复到接近初始状态和尺寸的一类高分 子材料。 Elastomers are usually amorphous polymers existing above their glass transition temperature. So the considerably segmental motion is possible. Application for different types of elastomers are various, such as tires, shoe soles, damping and insulating elements. 译文: 弹性体通常是在玻璃化转变温度以上的非晶态高分子，所以具有较高的链运动活性。对于不 同的弹性体材料，其应用也是多种多样的，例如轮胎、鞋底、阻尼和绝缘器件。 From the definition, could you summarize the characteristics of elastomers? First, elastomers are polymer materials. And elastomers have a high resilience. Moreover, elastomers usually have a crosslinked chain structure. 译文: 通过定义，大家是否可以总结一下弹性体材料的特点？首先，弹性体是一类高分子材料，并 且具有高的回弹性。另外，弹性体通常具有链段交联结构。 There are two main groups of rubbers, which are natural rubbers and synthetic rubbers. Natural rubber is well known as rubber, coming from the rubber trees. Actually, we can also obtain the natural rubber from other plants. 译文: 橡胶主要分为两类，分别是天然橡胶和合成橡胶。天然橡胶被普遍认为是从橡胶树中获得的。 事实上，我们也可以从其它植物中获得天然橡胶。有缘学习更多驾卫星ygd3076 Natural rubber consists of polymers of the organic compound isoprene, with minor impurities of other organic compounds, plus water. This is the chemical structural of polyisoprene. Polyisoprene is formed through