材料导论 (56)材料导论.pdf

In the previous lectures, we have already know that degradation is a vital properites of biomaterials. Biodegradable polymers normally possess labile functional groups accessible to biological or non- biological mechanisms of degradation. Biodegradable polymeric biomaterials will gradually degrade into water soluble oligomers and monomers that eliminate from a human body after fulfilling their intended use. The use of biodegradable synthetic polymers as biomaterials is also due to that their mechanical and physical properties can readily be adjusted by varying preparation techniques and molecular structure. Therefore, biodegradable polymeric biomaterials are intensively studied and used in biomedical and tissue engineering applications. 在之前的课程中，我们已经知道降解是生物材料的一个重要特性。生物可降 解聚合物通常具有生物可降解或非生物可降解机制的不稳定官能团。生物降解聚 合物生物材料将逐渐降解为水溶性低聚物和单体，在完成预期的用途后可以从人 体中去除。生物可降解合成聚合物作为生物材料的使用，还因为它们的机械和物 理性能可以通过不同的制备技术和分子结构很容易地进行调整。因此，生物降解 聚合物生物材料在生物医学和组织工程应用中得到了广泛的研究和应用。 合成可降解材料在人体中完成使命以后呢，可以被降解成为水溶性的低聚物 或者单体然后被人体排出，而且我们可以通过分子设计，可以实现合成可降解材 料的不同力学和物理性质，以满足应用需要，因此此类生物材料非常的重要。 According to the mechanisms of erosion, degradable polymers can be classified into surface eroding and bulk eroding ones, The term “degradation”specifically refers to bond cleavage, whereas “erosion” refers to depletion of material. Biodegradation is the destruction and assimilation of organic polymers by living organisms and their enzymes, particularly fungi and bacteria. Degradation is a chemical process, whereas erosion is a physical phenomenon depending on dissolution and diffusion processes. Surface and bulk erosion are two different forms of erosion that describe how a degrading polymer erodes. In surface erosion, the polymer degrades from the exterior surface. The inside of the material does not degrade until all the surrounding