材料导论 (14)材料导论.pdf

Video 3. Ductility Now, we will learn the concept of ductility and then I will show you some materials , which are either ductile or brittle. 译文：现在，我们将要学习延展性的概念。我将介绍给您们一些延展性好的或脆 的材料。 The definition of ductility is that, ductility is a measure of the degree of plastic deformation that has been sustained at fracture. As shown in the diagram, ductility involves a plastic deformation. The ductile region ends till the material is failed or fracture. Note that, stiffness is only relative to elastic property of a material. It is quantitatively described by elastic modulus or young’s modulus. So, don’t confuse ductility with stiffness. 译文：延展性的定义是这样的。延展性是对材料在断裂可发上塑性形变的程度的 衡量。如图所示，延展性包含了塑性形变。延展区域不断增加直至材料断裂。注 意，刚性只和材料的弹性性能相关。刚性可以通过弹性模量/杨氏模量来量化。 因此，不要混淆延展性和刚性。 After you know the meaning of ductility. How to distinguish a ductile material from a brittle material with the aid of a stress-strain diagram? You can differentiate a ductile material from a brittle material by two ways. (1) Based on the difference between yield strength and tensile strength (2) Based on the amount of plastic deformation shown by each curve prior to fracture For brittle materials like in the left plot, they fracture with very limited deformation. For ductile materials, they can undergo large plastic deformation without fracture as shown in the right plot. 译文：在你知道延展性的意义后。怎么通过应力-应变曲线来区分延展性材料和 脆性材料？你可以通过两个方法区分。有缘学习更多驾卫星ygd3076 （1）通过屈服强度和拉伸强度的不同来区分。 （2 ）通过塑性形变程度的不同来区分。 脆性材料如左图所示：它们直至发生断裂，只有很少的形变。对延展性材料，它 们可以发生很大的塑性形变也不断裂，如右图所示。 If we take a look at the SEM images of the fracture surfaces of a ductile and a brittle material, you can found very big difference. The fracture of a ductile material shows some sponge like structures. While a brittle material shows flake like structures one the fracture region. 译文：如果我们看看延展性材料和脆性材料的断裂面的SEM 电镜图片