虚拟语气的特殊用法.docx

虚拟语气的特殊用法 江苏省郑集高级中学 李博雅 一．在动词 suggest（ 提议 , 提出 , 建议 ）, advise（ 劝告 , 忠告 ）, order（ 命令 , 下令 , 吩咐 ）, dema nd（要求）,propose（ 提议）,require（ 要求）,i nsist（ 坚持, 坚决主张）,comma nd（命 令 ）, request（ 请求 , 恳求 ）, desire（ 请求 ）, prefer（ 提出 ） 等动词后的宾语从句的谓语， 这些词的过去分词作表语时主语从句的谓语，以及这些词的名词同位语从句、作主语时的 表语从句的谓语常用“ should + 动词原形”构成的虚拟语气 , should 可以省略。如： The man demanded that Tom （ should ） apologize . He insisted that we （ should ） take up the matter at the meeting. I requested that he （ should ） use his influence on my behalf. The general ordered the soldiers （ should ） cross the river at once. （宾语从 句） = The general s order was that the soldiers （ should ） cross the river at once. （表语从句） = It was ordered that the soldiers （ should ） cross the river at once. （主语从句） = The general gave the order that the soldiers （ should ） cross the river at once. （同位语从句） I suggest that he （ should ） be careful. （宾语从句） = My suggestion is that he （ should ） be careful. （表语从句） = It is suggested that he （ should ） be careful. （主语从句） = I gave him the suggestion that he （ should ） be careful. （同位语从句） 二．在动词 wish 后的宾语从句的谓语应用虚拟语气，现在或将来的动作用过去式 （常含有情态 动词 could 或 would） ；过去的动作用过去完成式。 wish 用过去式，从句中与 wished 同时 发生的动作或在将来发生的动作仍用过去式 （ 也常含有情态动词 could 或 would） ；在 wished 之前发生的动作用过去完成式。如： How I wish IHe wishes II wished he4. How I wish I He wishes I I wished he 4. We wished he had come yesterday. could come to give me a hand. had received the news two days earlier. ．在以 in order that, so that 引导的状语从句中，谓语常用“ may, might, can, could, will, would, should + 动词原形”构成的虚拟语气。有时也可用“ should + 动词原形”， 特别是从句为否定结构。如： The teacher spoke slowly so that the students could / might hear clearly. What is needed in order that electrical charges may move? She stood away so that I should enter first. I got up early so that I should not miss the train. 四．在 had better 表示建议或劝告时，其后的从句谓语用过去式构成的虚拟语气。如： I had better you cameyesterday. 五．在“ It is (high / about) time that-clause. ”句型中，从句的谓语常用过去式或 should 加动词原形构成的虚拟语气。如： went and picked up / should go and pick up my littl