外科学-各论英文课件：颅脑损伤Traumatic Brain Injury.pptx

Traumatic Brain Injury;;Intracranial Hypertension;Historical Perspective;Cerebral Spinal Fluid;Cerebral blood flow;Cerebral Edema;Intracranial pressure measurement;;Effects of increased ICP ;Cerebral blood flow;Clinical signs;Brain herniation;;Traumatic Brain Injury;;Traumatic brain injury;Traumatic Brain injury ;What can be injured;;Glasglow Coma Scale;;Clinical Features In Head Trauma ;Scalp Injuries ;;Skull Fractures;Depressed Skull Fracture;;;;Basilar Skull Fracture;;;;;Pathophysiology of Brain Injury;Primary Brain Injuries;Secondary Brain Injury;Brain Injuries – Brain Concussion ;Cerebral Contusion ;Diffuse Axonal Injury ;The shorn Axons retract and are evident histologically as RETRACTION BALLS. Located predominantly in CORPUS CALLOSUM PERIVENTRICULAR WHITE MATTER BASAL GANGLIA BRAIN STEM; Occurs in up to 1/2 of traumatic brain injuries Is a diffuse form of injury, meaning that damage occurs over a more widespread area than in focal brain injury ;Diffuse Axonal Injury;Diffuse Axonal Injury;Brain Injuries –hematoma;Epidural Hematomas (EDH);Subdural Hematoma;Subdural Hematomas;;;Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ;Intracranial Hematoma;Penetrating Head Injury;ER Care of Skull Fractures and Brain Injuries;Diagnosis ;;;Head injury Management;Mild TBI-Clinical Management;Severe TBI - Clinical Management;Standard decompressive cranioectomy;Intracranial Hypertension;Mangement of ICP ;Hyperdynamic therapy;Increasing CPP by reducing ICP;Specific measures to reduce ICP;;CSF drainage- effective and safe. Provides gradient for bulk flow of edema fluid from parenchyma of brain to ventricles. Continous – 5-10 torr gradient Intermittent for 1-5 min when needed.;;Diuretics;Severe TBI - Prognosis;Any question from the floor?;;;;;