新视野unit 3语言点教案.docVIP

Unit 3, Book 1（New Horizon College English) Section A A Good Heart to Lean On Language Points 1. Analyses of some difficult sentences 1) More than I realized, Dad has helped me keep my balance. Note: *more than I realized: beyond my realization 在句中为插入成分，解释整个句子。 *to keep one’s balance: to keep steady, remain upright 保持平衡，站稳 Translation: 当时我没有意识到，是父亲帮我保持平衡。 2) When we walked together, his hand on my arm for balance, people would stare. (L2) Note: This is an absolute construction. An absolute construction is usually formed by a noun plus an adjective, past or present participle or prepositional phrases etc. It is often used as an adverbial to modify a sentence. （这个句子中his hand on my arm为独立主格结构。分词的独立结构一般由逻辑主语（名词、代词）+ 分词（现在分词、过去分词）构成，可以表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随情况等。但当分词为being或having been时，being或having been可以省略。） 3) He went to work sick, and despite nasty weather. He almost never missed a day, and would make it to the office even if others could not. Note: *sick: adj. 在此作主语的补语, 强调一种伴随状态。 *make it (to): to arrive somewhere in time or to succeed 成功地到达了某处或做成了某事情。 Translation: 不论生病还是碰到恶劣的天气，他都去上班，几乎没有旷过一天工，即使别人无法上班，他也要去办公室。 4) Once there, ①he would cling to hand-rail ②until he reached the lower steps ③that the warmer tunnel air kept free of ice. (L14) Note: * “Once” as a conjunction introduces an adverbial clause in which the subject and the verb “be” can be often be omitted. * to cling to: to hold someone or something tightly * free of: not containing something unpleasant; e.g.: free of war; free of charge; free of violence Translation: 一到那儿，他就紧抓着地铁通道口的扶手/一直往下走/因为地铁空气暖和，下面几级台阶没有冰雪。 5) When I think of it now, I am amazed at how much courage it must have taken for a grown man to subject himself to such shame and stress. (L18) Note: *The key idea of the sentence is that I am amazed at his courage. *how much… and stress 是 how much 引导的宾语从句，在句中作marvel at 的宾语。 *must have taken 是对过去发生的事情做出肯定的推测，语气较强。 *take courage to do sth.: 鼓起勇气做某事 Translation: 现在回想起来，我感到十分惊叹。像他那样一个成年人，得有多