3.3 医学微生物学Physical and chemical factors for inhibiting or killing microorganisms.pdfVIP

Physical and chemical factors for inhibiting or killing microorganisms Do you know how we kill pathogenic bacteria to prevent infection? Common definition Sterilization: The methods to kill all microorganisms on an object. Disinfection: The methods to kill pathogenic microorganisms on an object or in the environment. Antisepsis: The methods of preventing or inhibiting the growth and reproduction of bacteria on the surface of the skin. Cleaning: it is the process of reducing the number of microbes by removing dust and all contamination. Aseptic (asepsis) and aseptic processing: Sterility is the meaning of no live bacteria, mostly the result of sterilization. The technique of preventing bacteria from entering the body or other objects is called aseptic processing. 1. Physical disinfection and sterilization Thermal sterilization (1) Dry heat sterilization Incineration; burning; dry roasting; infrared (2) moist heat sterilization Pasteurization; boiling; flow steam sterilization; fractional sterilization; autoclaving High pressure steam sterilizer When the pressure is between 102.97 and 137.30 kPa, the temperature can reach 121 to 126 ° C, and the sterilization purpose can be achieved within 15 to 30 minutes. Radiation sterilization (1) UV (2) Ionizing radiation (3) Microwave (microwave) Filtration sterilization (1) Filter bacteria (liquid) liquid sterilization (2) Air sterilization using biological clean technology Drying and low temperature bacteriostatic method Filter and laminar flow chamber 2 、Chemical disinfection high-level disinfectants  Chlorine disinfectant