英汉语言中词汇空缺..资料.pptVIP

意译法着眼于传达词语的文化信息,能很好地传递词语的文化内涵，满足(mǎnzú)不同民族的潜意识与思维定势。 第三十页，共41页。 （4）改编(gǎibiān) 改编指的是对音译、直译或意译在意义上进行补充的翻译。如直译加注解、意译加注解等。如汉语中的“炕”等具有独特的中国文化内涵,只能采用音译加注解方法，译为kang—mud - brick-made bed in the countryside of north china；“杀鸡给猴看”译为to kill the chicken to frighten the monkey—to punish somebody as a warning to others；“班门弄斧”可以翻译为to show off one’s skill with the axe before Lu Ban-the master carpenter。英语中to carry coals to Newcastle译为运煤到纽卡索,多此一举,还是不够的,必须加注,说明“纽卡索”是英国的一个(yī ɡè)产煤地,那么运煤到纽卡索自然是多余的事；再如 Love is blind，爱情是盲目的，后面用注释点明，这则习语源于罗马神话,爱神丘比特用布蒙住双眼,手持弓箭,他是盲目地射出爱情之箭的。Man proposes, God disposes，译为谋事在人，成事在天。 第三十一页，共41页。 以卵击石 throw an egg against a rock——court defeat by fighting against overwhelming odds 掩耳盗铃(yǎn ěr dào líng) cover one’s ears when he steals a bell——deceive oneself 刻舟求剑 carve a mark on gunwale in moving boat where a sword was lost——ridiculous stupidity 坐井观天 sit in a well and look at the heaven——limited outlook 第三十二页，共41页。 杯弓蛇影 mistake the shadow of a bow in one’s cup as a snake——a false alarm 雪中送炭(xuě zhōng sòng tàn) to bring coals in snowy weather——to give the needed a timely aid 指鹿为马 to point to a deer, calling it a horse——deliberately m is2represent 谈虎色变 to turn pales as somebody mentioning tigers——Nervous fears make things seem real 第三十三页，共41页。 四、词汇(cíhuì)冲突 词汇冲突指的是语言与语言间存在着矛盾，或者说某些语言现象(xiànxiàng)存在着相互对立的关系。 如： 第三十四页，共41页。 三、翻译(fānyì)练习 1、手工情侣拖鞋:由月下老人一针一线(yī zhēn yī xiàn)钩制而成,绝无仅有,象征爱情的唯一与地久天长. Uniqueness, made by God of Marriage,( reality, neighbour old womans woven with a single hooked needle and a piece of thread). Symbolize your love is only one and long lasting. 第三十五页，共41页。 2、自从盘古开天辟地以来，我们不晓得造飞机(fēijī)，造汽车，现在开始能造了。 Ever since Pan Ku separated heaven and earth, we have never been able to make planes and cars, and now we are beginning to make them. 第三十六页，共41页。 3、宋代宗族风水观念与现代环境保护(huánjìng bǎohù)刍议 。 on the clans of Fengshui(a concept on the location of a house or tomb) in Song Dynasty and its influence on modern environmental protecti