英汉差异与英语写作要点说课材料.pptVIP

Soccer is a difficult sport. A player must be able to run steadily without rest. Sometimes a player must hit the ball with his or her head. Players must be willing to bang into and be banged into by others. They must put up with aching feet and sore muscles.· 足球运动员必须能不停地奔跑(bēnpǎo)，有时得用头顶球，撞别人或被别人撞，必须忍受双脚和肌肉的疼痛。所以说，足球运动是一项难度大的运动。 第三十一页，共37页。 Respected VOA producers: I am a Chinese student. (Introduction) I have been learning English for six years. I like English and I like to listen to VOA. In the morning, I get up at six o’clock and listen to VOA programs. I have stuck to his habit for a long time. (Attitude towards VOA) But I don’t have a timetable and I often miss my favorite programs. (Problem) So I ask for a timetable. (Request) 第三十二页，共37页。 Dear Sirs, I wish you could send me a timetable of VOA. (Request) I’m a college student in China. (Introduction) I listen to VOA every day. (Attitude towards VOA) But I don’t know the exact time of the program. (Problem) That’s why I make this request. And your help will be appreciated. (Appreciation) 第三十三页，共37页。 有一种现象值得注意，在学生写过的题为“电脑与教育”，“网上购物”，“私家车的利弊”甚至“学生兼职的利弊”的作文中，笔者发现了有很多同学的开头几句相差无几： With the development of science and technology, people’s living conditions have been greatly improved. Great changes have taken place in our country. … 这种开头符合汉语通常先把大好形式和现状表述一下，再慢慢进入主题。其实这几句应该说是废话、离题。这种迂回的写作(xiězuò)方式忽略了段落甚至这个语篇的精髓，那就是主题。 第三十四页，共37页。 英汉差异(chāyì)与英语写作 Chinglish vs. real English 第一页，共37页。 不同的民族有着不同的民族文化，也有着不同的思维方式、思维特征和思维风格，即存在着思维差异。英汉思维方式之间存在着很大差异，这种差异不仅反映在语言本身的特点上，而且反映在语言的使用上。中国学生在英语写作时会不可避免地受到母语思维方式的干扰和影响，即学生在用英语写作时离不开母语的参与。学生英语写作中在词汇选择(xuǎnzé)、句子以及段落语篇构建三方面受到英汉思维差异的影响。 第二页，共37页。 词汇(cíhuì) 词汇是写作的基本要素，英汉思维模式的差异会造成选择词语上的差异。 a)动词、名词(míng cí)和介词使用频率上的差异 b) 词语搭配差异 c) 动词表述差异 d) 英汉词语的文化差异 第三页，共37页。 a)动词(dòngcí)、名词和介词使用频率上的差异 Which sentence is more likely to be real English? He is able to eat and sleep. He is a good eater and sleeper. The book is too difficult for me to understand. The book is total