吸附法处理低浓度含氮含氯有机废气.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 12 吸附法处理低浓度含氮含氯有机废气 摘要 目前，大气污染日益严重，由此引发的环境问题更是令人担忧，所以有关处理大气污染的处理和研究也得到了大家的广泛关注。大气污染中最主要的是有机废气，英文简称是VOCs。有机废气的污染源分布广泛，为了防止污染，仅从减少石油损耗，减少有机废气的产生和排放方面并不能从根本上解决问题，排气净化才能有效治理。常规治理有机废气的方法有吸收法，燃烧法，纳米微电解氧化法，热破坏法以及吸附法。 本文研究的处理方法是吸附法处理低浓度含氮含氯有机废气。当气体或液体与某些固体接触时,在固体的表面上,气体或液体分子会将变浓变稠,这就是吸附现象。吸附现象包括物理吸附和化学吸附两种，这是根据它的吸附力种类决定的。在吸附过程中，当活性炭分子和污染物分子之间的作用力是范德华力(或静电引力)时称为物理吸附；当活性炭分子和污染物分子之间的作用力是化学键时称为化学吸附。常用的吸附剂有活性炭、硅胶、分子筛等。 关键词：有机废气吸附法吸附剂 ABSTRACT At present,the pollution of air is more and more serious.The problem,resulted from the pollution,is very worrisome.So the research about the organic waste has gained the attention of people.Organic wastes occupy a leading position.the source of VOCs is distributed widely.The problem can not be solved fundamentally by reducing the loss of oil and the amount of organic solvents.Purifying the exhaust is the practicable way.The traditional ways to treat the organic waste include adsorption,absorption,catalytic combustion,thermal combustion method. This text researches that Adsorption treat low concentration of organic waste,which contains nitrogen and chlorine.When the gas or liquid contact with some solid,the gas or liquid molecules will be thicker on the surface of the solid.The phenomena of adsorption includes physical adsorption and chemical adsorption according to the force.Physical adsorption is caused by Van der waals force and the electric force between adsorbate molecule and the atoms on the surface of adsorbent.This is a reversible process.Chemical adsorption is caused by the reaction between the adsorbate and adsorbent.So it is an irreversible process.The common adsorbents include activated carbon ,silicone molecular sieve and so on. Key word:Organic waste Adsorption Adsorbent 目录 1.1前言 颗粒物和气态物组成了大气污染物，而每年排入大气的污染物中，最多的就是气态物。气态污染物的种类又分为有机污染物和无极污染物。其中最多的就是有机污染物。每年全世界有3000多万吨有机物被排入大气,对人体健康和生态环平衡造成严重的威胁。 有机污染物主要产生在工业生产过程中，比如涂料，印刷等工业过程中都会有大量有机废气产生。这些废气中，主要是苯，甲苯，二甲苯等有机物。本身毒性就非常大，人体长期吸入的话，轻者头昏眼花，重者甚至会致人死亡。因此，对这种废气的排放,各国已经制定了相关的