动词不定式教案.docVIP

动词不定式教案 仁寿视高钢铁初级 廖惠 教学目的：要求学生了解并掌握非谓语动词——动词不定式的根本用法。 教学方法：通过ppt.展示，逐一讲解动词不定式作主语、表语、宾语、宾补、状语、定语及其否认形式， 以及和疑问词连用。 教学步骤： 一、动词不定式 1. 根本构成：to+动词原形，其否认形式 not/never to do sth. 2. 根本用法：它在句中除了不能作谓语动词，其他成分都可以，没有人称和数的变化。 二、不定式的句法功能 1. 动词不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语——动词不定式后置。 如：To learn English well is useful. = It is useful to learn English well. It’s necessary to talk with his mother. It’s kind of you to help us. 总结： It’s +adj. +of/for sb. to do sth. 2. 动词不定式作表语 动词不定式作表语，常说明主语的内容、性质、特征。 如：The first thing is to greet each other. My dream is to get good grades. The best way to improve English is to join an English club. 3. 动词不定式作宾语 = 1 \* GB2 ⑴ 不定式用在及物动词后作宾语，常见的vt.有：begin, decide, expect, forget, learn, hope, wish, plan, refuse, want, agree, like等。 如： I want to play basketball this afternoon. He has decided to study hard. = 2 \* GB2 ⑵ 在find, think, believe, feel后跟不定式作宾语时， 常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在后面。 如：I find it very easy to read English every day. 4. 不定式作宾补 = 1 \* GB2 ⑴ tell, ask, allow, encourage, expect, warn, invite, order等后面常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。 如：My mother encourages me to learn Japanese. Tom asked me to play soccer. = 2 \* GB2 ⑵ 一些使役动词和感官动词后的宾补要省略to。这些动词有：一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, make, have)、四看(look at, see, watch, notice)。但变被动语态时必须加上to。 如：Jack made my brother cry. My brother was made to cry. 5. 动词不定式作定语 = 1 \* GB2 ⑴ 不定式有时起形容词的作用，修饰名词、代词，在句中充当定语。不定式作定语时，它的位置是在它 所修饰的名词或代词之后。 如：He was the first to come to the classroom. = 2 \* GB2 ⑵ 如果不定式是vi,或者不定式所修饰的名词或 代词是不定式的地点、工具等，不定式后面 就应有必要的介词。 如：I want some paper to write on. = 3 \* GB2 ⑶ 不定式修饰不定代词时，放在不定代词之后。 如: Have you got anything to buy? 6. 动词不定式作状语 不定式放在vi.后表目的，也可放在某些形容词后作状语。 如：He went to America to learn English. They sleep together to keep warm. I’m glad to see you again. 7. 疑问词+动词不定式 不定式可以和疑问词连用构成不定式短语，在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等成分。 如： What to do is very important. I don’t know where