新英美报刊选读（第五版） 课件 unit 7 passage 2.pptx

Unit 7Education Passage 2 Hopes for MyopiaBackground InformationWarming-up QuestionsDetailed ReadingPost-ReadingBackground InformationSince it was first realised that highly educated people are more likely to be myopic than less educated people, there has been a continuing debate over whether myopia is inherited or is environmentally determined. Background InformationIn a large number of studies, children with myopic parents have been shown to be more likely myopic compared with those with non-myopic parents. Having two myopic parents generally poses a greater risk than having only one.Background InformationNear work and educationNumerous studies on schoolchildren and students over the last 150 years have documented a strong correlation between the development of myopia and education, and a critical analysis of data indicates that near work (accommodation) is not solely responsible for the development of myopia but only when combined with a learning process, including memorising. Background InformationNear work and educationRecent studies have confirmed the old observation that myopia most frequently occurs and develops during school-going age. The prevalence of myopia is particularly high in college and university students, whereas myopia rarely occurs in less educated populations.Background InformationDiet and diabetesAnother environmental risk factor that has been proposed is diet. The increasing prevalence of myopia in countries that have adopted western dietary patterns has led to the hypothesis that sweet food induce myopia. people with diabetes are more likely to be short-sighted.Background InformationOutdoor activitiesStudies in children have indicated an association between physical activity/outdoor activity and myopia and it has been observed that myopes spend significantly less time engaged in sports.Background InformationWays to correct nearsightedness Wearing prescription eyeglasses is the simplest and most common method. Other options include contact