《基础工程》教学课件 Ch13 deep foundations.pptxVIP

Ch 13 deep foundationsaxial load capacity based on static load tests1 METHODS FOR THE LOAD CAPACITY OF DEEP FOUNDATIONSFull-scale static load tests on prototype foundationsAnalytic methodsare based on soil properties obtained from laboratory or in-situ testsDynamic methodsAre based on the dynamics of pile driving or wave propagation2 Load transferdownward loads?Toe-bearing resistanceside-friction resistanceWeight of foundtaion????3 Load transferupward loads?4 ???5 Factor of safetypiles≤6 Factor of safetyDrilled shafts≤7 Example 13.1Given:P=800kNPileD=400mmL=15mSoil profileF=3.Find:Is acceptable?8 Example 13.2Given：Steel H-pile: HP 12×74Soil profileDesigned with the benefit of a wave equation analysis.Find:Allowable uplift capacity.9 Conventional static load tests10 锚桩横梁方式 千斤顶 基 准 梁 试桩 锚桩试验装置示意图 次梁 拉杆 锚桩主筋 锚桩 试桩 次梁 基准梁 基准桩 主梁 锚桩主梁 11 锚桩斜拉方式12 ProcedureControlled stress tests ( Maintained Load(ML) tests)Controlled strained testsLoad increments25,50,75,100,125,150,175,200%,…, of the proposed design load.Slow ML tests quick ML tests13 Interpretation of test results14 Davisson’s method15 Example 13.3?16 Mobilization of soil resistanceDiameter:0.8m,length:20mUltimate resistance：7MNAllowable resistance：3.5MN6mm100mm17 The shaft capacity of a pile is mobilized at much smaller displacements of the pile than is the base capacity. Pt: 5-10%D; Ps: 0.5-2%D ,usually 5-10mmPs ≈ (1/3-1/2) Pult , for the vast majority deep foundation. Nearly all the service load are carried by Ps, and toe bearing becomes the factor of safety.(Noting that F=2~3.)Under working load conditions, settlements will be larger for end-bearing piles than friction piles.For friction pile, d ≤15mm.For end-bearing pile, if Ps (1/3-1/2) Pult, settlement might be excessive, and should be checked.Friction resistance is developed prior to the toe resistance. 18 Instrumented static load testsStrain gaugesTelltale rodsd1 d2 d3dExample:13.419 Osterberg load testsFor drilled shaft20 §1 土工试验与测试位移丝套管位移丝21