展望水晶球未来十年里的绩效管理【外文翻译】.pdfVIP

外文翻译 原文 Looking into the Crystal Ball: Performance Management over the Next Decade Material Source: Public Administration Review; Dec2010 Supplement, Vol. 70, p s 2 0 8 - s 2 11 , 4 p A u t h o r : H a t r y, H a r r y P Introduction This essay focuses on the performance management elements of public administration. It addresses both performance measurement (measurement that focuses on outcomes as well as outputs) and the use of performance information in management (called performance management). As of 2010, this “new” performance measurement has been widely touted around the world, particularly in the United States. The 1993 Government Performance and Accountability Act has been a major catalyst for this, bringing the big elephant—the federal government—into the movement. A major formal performance measurement effort was started many years earlier in local government. A few cities, such as New York City and Charlotte, North Carolina, have very long sustained performance measurement efforts, ones dating back to the early 1970s. State governments began formal performance measurement work in the early 1990s, with Texas and Oregon leading these state efforts. Some estimate that at least 35 to 40 states currently have some form of legislated performance measurement requirement (see Lu, Willoughby, and Arnett 2009). Not clear is the extent to which governments have used performance information on a regular basis to help guide agency planning, budgeting, and operating management decisions. The use of performance information appears to be particularly weak, especially at the federal and state government levels (see, e. g., GAO 2008, 2009). The following is one perso