刑事错案研究——以侦查取证为视角.pdfVIP

摘 要 刑事错案频频发生可谓当今世界刑事司法领域共同面临的难题，它严重地 侵犯了无辜者的权利，损害了法律自身的尊严和权威，扭曲了司法正义。倘若 不对刑事错案加以控制，它必将动摇国家的法治建设基础和人民对国家法治的 期望和信任。本文在认真地梳理与界定了刑事错案概念与基本特点的基础上， 以侦查取证为切入点，采用理论演绎与实证研究相结合的研究方法，深入分析 了侦查阶段各种取证行为与刑事错案之间的关系，如不当讯问、不当询问、不 当勘验检查、不当鉴定、不当辨认以及其他几种不当取证行为与刑事错案之间 的关系。文章又追根溯源，进一步深入探讨了导致不当取证行为的原因，以期 透过表象挖掘深层缘由，为实践中减少和避免刑事错案的发生提供理论依据。 论文强调在进一步完善立法、完善各项侦查取证措施的基础上，侦查取证要逐 步适应以侦查为中心向审判为中心的转变带来的新挑战、新要求，切实转变侦 查人员的办案观念，树立无罪推定观念、科学的证据意识和现代化的侦查破案 理念，同时提高侦查人员的素质和运用各种科学技术方法、思维方法的能力， 以此来提高侦查取证活动的整体水平与质量，为正确定案提供坚实的证据支持。 关键词： 刑事错案；侦查；取证 1 Abstract The repeated occurrence of wrongful decision in criminal case is a difficult problem that the world criminal law field faced together. It has seriously encroached upon the innocents right, harmed the dignity and authority of law, and twisted the spirit of judicial justice. If the country does not control the occurrence of wrongful decision in criminal case, it will certainly destroy the foundation of national law construction and vacillate the expectation and trust of people to the national government. At first, the article earnestly explains the concept of wrongful decision in criminal case and its essential features. On this basis, the article uses the research technique which the theory deduction and the real diagnosis research unified, and thoroughly analyzes the relations between the evidence collection in investigation and the wrongful decision in criminal case. For example, the inappropriate interrogation, the inappropriate interview, the inappropriate inquiry, the inappropriate authentication, the