中国儿童医疗保障研究——兼与日本印度比较.pdfVIP

签名： 闫姝 导师签名：潘锦棠 日期： 摘 要 目前，中国的医疗保险基本制度已经确立，医疗保险改革向纵深发展。由 于社会保障法律体系的不健全，医疗保险体系的不完善，以及政府多年来责任 的缺位，现有的医保体系仍然将一些弱势群体排除在外，儿童即属于其中的一 个特殊群体。虽然儿童群体总体来说比较健康，主要是传染病、急性病，病程 较短，发病率亦低于其他年龄群体。但另外一个显著的特点就是儿童大病比较 多，近年来白血病、恶性肿瘤、先天性心脏病、脑瘫、肾功能衰竭等重大疾病 在儿童中的发病率持续上升，昂贵的治疗费用是许多普通家庭无法承担的，单 单依靠家庭保障和有限的社会救助无法解决根本问题。 本文试图通过翔实的文献研究，梳理中国儿童医疗保障的历史沿革，对目 前的几种保障形式进行比较，论述将儿童纳入医保体系的急迫性。然后分析亚 洲典型国家( 日本、印度) 的医疗保障制度，以及儿童在这个制度里所受到的照顾； 最后，通过借鉴日本和印度的全民医保制度以及儿童医保的思路，探讨我国儿 童医疗保障的可能形式，希望能为未来中国建立相应的儿童医疗保障制度提供 一些理论依据和操作思路。 关键词：儿童；医疗保障；比较研究 4 Abstract Currently, the basic system of medical insurance in China has been established, and the Medicare reform is continuously developed. Because of the unperfected legal system of social security and medical insurance, and of the lacking responsibility of China government for many years, some weakness groups such as children are excluded from the Medicare system. The children as a group is more healthy than adult totally and the incidence of infectious disease and acute disease in children is lower than that in other group. However, one obvious characteristic is that children get heavy diseases more easily. In recent years, the incidence of leucocythemia, malignant tumor, heart disease, brain paralysis etc in children is continuously ascending. Many ordinary families can’t afford such high therapy expense. It couldn’t solve such problems at all only by depending on family security and social assistance. Through the detailed literature research, this paper will analyze the Medical systems of the typical countries (Japan and India) and analyze the special care for children in these systems. At the same